Chapter 1 Why Study Families and Other Close Relationships Definition of a Family o Burgess and Locke A group of persons united by the ties of marriage blood or adoption constituting a single household interacting and communicating with each other in their respective social roles husband and wife mother and father son and daughter brother and sister and creating and maintaining a common culture family 2 or more people living together through marriage blood or US Census adoption o Seccombe A relationship by blood marriage or affection in which members may Cooperate economically Care for children Consider their identity intimately connected to the larger group Types of Families o Family of orientation The family you are born into o Family of procreation The family you make through marriage partnering and or parenthood o Fictive Kin non relatives whose bonds are strong and intimate Ex aunts uncles not by blood Marriage o William Stephens Defined family as Socially legitimate sexual union Begun with a public announcement Undertaken with some idea of permanence going to be married forever Assumed with a more or less explicit marriage contract an institutional arrangement between persons to publicly recognize social and Don t think of it as something that s permanent or that it s a contract More about o Seccombe intimate bonds Function of Families showing your love for each other o Regulation of sexual behavior Ex with who o Reproducing and socializing children Making sure children are being taught rules of their culture o Property and inheritance Families can build houses companies etc on own property o Economic cooperation and provision Food shelter etc o Social placement status and roles Religion social class etc Usually born into these categories o Care warmth protection and intimacy Micro Macro Level Perspectives o Micro level focus on the individual and his her interactions in specific settings Ex studying how divorce can be reduced by talking to couples focus on the interconnectedness of marriage families and intimate relationships with the Macro level rest of society o Ex studying why that couple may have issues by studying the bigger picture more global 1 Families Have Changed welfare institutions o Colonial America families were businesses schools churches and correctional health and African Americans and slavery they were very resilient o Industrialized and Urbanized America separate work and home life waves of immigration Work and home life became separate Poor working class middle and upper class o Modern America Technology further effects families Social media etc 1950s Leave it to Beaver o Usually white upper middle class o Happy go lucky perfect family 1970s The Brady Bunch o Showing how families have changed Step families blended families New type of family blended can be just as happy Implies divorce splitting up of parents 1980s The Cosby Show o Demonstrating Diversity African American o Both parents are working outside of the home o Women working and being parents 1990s Friends o Showing that you can stay single and have sex outside of the marriage and explore sexuality o Also starting careers later and having time to explore individuality 2000s The Osbourns o Shows that anything goes o Real side of families that TV wouldn t usually show o Families do have problems 2015s o What shows would characterize our changing ideas about families today Modern Family Kardashians etc o How is media showing diversity in our families Showing tons of diversity and that families are different so that s ok 2 Family a relationship by blood marriage or affection in which members may cooperate economically may care for children and may consider their identity to be intimately connected to the larger group Chapter 1 Book Notes Family of orientation the family you re born into Family of Procreation family you make through marriage partnering and or parenthood Fictive Kin Nonrelatives whose bonds are strong and intimate Marriage an institutional arrangement between persons to publicly recognize an intimate bond Socialization the process by which people learn the rules expectations and culture of society Social Structure a stable framework of social relationships that guides our interactions w others Micro Level focus on the individual and his or her interactions in specific settings Macro Level focus on the interconnection of marriage families and relationships with society Social Institution major sphere f social life with a set of beliefs and views to meet human needs Monogamy marriage between one man and one woman Polygamy a system that allows for more than one spouse at a time gender unspecified Polygyny a marriage pattern in which husbands have more than one wife Polyandry the marriage pattern where wives are allowed to have more than one husband Patriarchy social organization where it s the norm that men have natural authority over woman Matriarchy social organization where it s the norm that woman should have authority over men Egalitarian the expectation that power and authority are equally vested in men and woman Bilateral descent that can be traced through male and female sides of the family Patrilineal a descent pattern where lineage is traced through the man s life Matrilineal a descent pattern where lineage is traced exclusively or primarily through woman Nuclear Family family composed of adults and their children 3 Extended Family family of parents children and relatives such as grandparents Compassionate Family a marriage based mutual affection compatibility and personal happiness Inflation Adjusted Value of the Minimum Wage 1955 2012 in 2012 Dollars o The real value of the minimum wage declined until 2007 when the minimum wage was raised However its real value is starting to decline again In Depth Interview allows an interviewer to obtain detailed responses to questions Empirical Approach answers questions through a systematic collection and analysis of data Survey gathers info about attitudes behaviors through answers that people give to questions Random Sample sample where every person of interest has equal chance of being selected Experiment A controlled method for determining cause and effect Focus Group small group of people brought together to discuss a particular topic Observational Study goes into the natural setting and observes people in action Secondary Analysis data is collected for some other purpose but still useful to the researcher Quantitative Research
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