Study Guide for FAD3343 Exam 1 Chapters 1 5 Text Readings PowerPoints and select Video Presentations Things in purple are extra notes I added from book powerpoints that wasn t on the study guide Chapter 1 Aging in America Please be familiar with or be able to define or identify the following concepts terms or illustrations The Interdisciplinary Aspect of Aging Please be able to address identify or explain why aging is an interdisciplinary topic o Aging is an interdisciplinary topic because it can be examined from many different perspectives Emotional physiological economic social cognitive or philosophical Gerontology Be familiar with this concept and its meaning and when it began Also be able to identify or explain what is meant by a new gerontology o Gerontology The study of the human aging process from maturity to old age as well as the study of older adults as a special population o Began in the early 1950s o Gerontologist John Rowe described a new gerontology in which the focus goes beyond the prior preoccupation with age related diseases to include a focus on senescence and physiological changes that occur with advancing age and that influence functional status as well as the development of disease o In new gerontology we might focus on the social issues that are inherent in any society undergoing social interpersonal and economic changes as rapidly as the United States Senescence Please able to define understand and identify aspects of this concept o Senescence Age related loss of function Aging Please be able to define this concept in the context of the authors use in the text and what aging o Aging Progressive changes during adult years Not always negative nor do they necessarily reduce an individual s viability e g grey hair is a result of aging but does not impair a person s functioning Chronological aging biological aging psychological aging and social aging Be able to identify explain or discuss the following types of aging processes o Chronological aging number of years since birth o Biological aging changes reducing the efficiency of organ systems o Psychological aging includes memory learning adaptive capacity personality and mental functioning o Social aging referring to social roles relationships and the overall social context in which we grow old Perspectives on Aging o Biological genes lifestyles and environmental influences on aging o The most basic discipline in the study of aging is biology Without the biological aging process we could all theoretically live forever We can impact our biological health through paying attention to our lifestyle Genes determine of our longevity meaning that of how long we live can be effected by factors such as lifestyle and social environment o Sociological societal norms cultural contexts status population demographics o A second component of gerontology is the sociological perspective Examines the structure of society its norms and values and their influence on how a person perceives and reacts to the aging process Rather than focusing in individual experience sociology focuses on groups of individuals and the cultural context in which they age o Psychological cognition emotions adaptability self concept lifespan view o A third lens from which aging is viewed is psychology In contrast with the sociological perspective the psychological focuses on the individual Psychologists are interested in the aging mind how perception motor skills memory and emotions change over time Individual morale motivation adaptability self concept and self efficacy all have an impact on how we age o Philosophical personal meaning spirituality ethics Philosophical Spirituality and Ethics Be able to identify explain or discuss the following types of aging processes o Virtually all theories of human development suggest that the psychological task of later life is to gain greater understanding of the life we have lived and of our own approaching death o Ethical issues are central in the care of older adults as well as in life decisions made by elders themselves o Developing an understanding of ethics and values requires that psychologists and health care practitioners be culturally competent Cultural competence refers to the ability to honor respect styles attitudes behaviors and beliefs of individuals and families Multidisciplinary Aspect of Gerontology Be able to explain or identify why gerontologists are multidisciplinary o Gerontologists examine aging from a chronological perspective o They study biological and psychological processes and individual meanings of aging relationships o They look at the social meaning of aging including changing roles and o They study the meaning of aging from a contextual perspective family community and national geopolitical processes and events o They can apply there specialty in many fields medicine dentistry economics social work mental health religion education and recreation o They are practitioners in nursing occupational therapy sociology and other fields having to do with the health and well being of individuals and society Gerontology vs Geriatrics Be able to define and or differentiate between these two fields o Gerontology The study of the human aging process from maturity to old age the study of physical mental and social changes in older people as they age the investigation of the changes in society resulting from our aging population Uses a bio psychosocial model o Geriatrics focuses on preventing and managing later life illness and disease Less multidimensional than gerontology looking specifically at biological and physiological health issues Medical model perspective Person Environment Be able to define or identify what is meant by person environment o A person environment approach views the environment as a continually changing context to which individuals adapt as they also adapt to the personal psychological and physical changes in the aging process As the aging person adjusts to life s changes this adaptation impacts the environment which further changes the individual as well as the social context cycle like This reciprocity of change is the person environment model o Individuals adapt to personal psychological and physical changes o The environment is a changing context o Cycle of adaptation The context changes so the individual must change The individual changes so the environmental context changes Environmental Press Be able to define or identify what is meant by environmental press
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