Exam 3 Study GuideChapter 11-crisis-a critical change of events that disrupts the functioning of a person’s life-family stress-tensions that test a family’s emotional resources-acute stress-short-term stress-chronic stress- long-term stress-general adaptation syndrome (GAS)- the pattern the body follows when coping with stress which includes the alarm reaction, resistance, and exhaustion-social readjustment rating scale- a scale of major life events over the past year, each of which is assigned a point value. The higher the score, the greater the chance of having a serious medical event*people tend to be heavier, more stressed, aging faster at the bottom of hierarchyPatterns of Family Crisis3 phases1)event that causes stress2)disorganization that follows3)reorganization takes placeFive Patterns of the Effects of Stress/Crises on Family Functioning-no change-increased-decreased-roller coaster-most common-mixedABC-X model- designed to help us understand the variation in the ways that families cope with stress and crises*A-stressor event*B-resources family has, individual people (personality etc.)*C-family/individuals perception of event*X-is it a crisis or did they adaptDouble ABC-X model- understand the effects of the accumulation of stresses and crises and how families adapt to them*A, B, C, all the same plus:*aA-pile up, family life changes and transitions that take place because of it*bB-existing and new resources, new coping resources*cC-family’s perception, of both stressor and its aftermath*X-bonadaptation, adaptation, maladaptationViolence is a social problem because:1)affects large numbers of people2)it is not completely random-Intimate Partner Violence-violence between those who are physically and sexually intimate, such as spouses or partners. The violence can encompass physical, economic, sexual, or psychological abuse*men as victims, not taken seriously, double standard exists-Conflict Tactics Scale (CTS)-a scale based on how people deal with disagreements in relationships-non-aggressive responsesdiscussed an issue calmlygot information to back up your side of the issuebrought in or tired to bring in someone to help settle the problemcried-psychologically aggressive responsesinsulted him/her or swore at him/hersulked or refused to talk about the issuestomped out of the room or housedid or said something to spite him/her-physically aggressive responsesthreatened to hit him/her or throw something at him/herthrew or smashed or hit or kicked somethingthrew something at him/herpushed, grabbed, or shoved him/herslapped him/herkicked, bit, or hit him/her with a fisthit or tried to hit him/her with somethingbeat him/her upchoked him/herthreatened him/her with a knifeused a knifeFrequency-1 in 4 women will experience domestic violence in their lifetime-economic effects, people lose days of paid workTypes of Intimate Partner Violence-common couple violence-from an argument, less likely to cause severe injury-intimate partner violence-physical, psychological, or sexual violence that is motivated by a desire to control the other partner, more likely to escalate over time, cause PTSD-violent resistance- self defense, almost always women-mutual violent control- both people are controlling and violent, physical fightsStalking & Cyberstalking-obsessive contact or tracking of another person-threaten victims electronically-cyberstalking, usually escalatesConsequences-economic-bruises and broken bones-stress-health problems-social isolation-psychological-PTSD-depression, anxiety-learned helplessness-psychological condition of having low self-esteem, feeling helpless, and having no control that is causes by repeated abuse-battered women’s syndrome-recognized psychological condition, often a subcategory of PTSD, used to describe someone who has been the victim of consistent and/or severe domestic violence*escalates slowly, embarrassment, have a relationship with the person-women most prone to dating violence ages 16-24-violence in homosexual relationships tooRape & Sexual Assault-marital rape-can be prosecuted, most aren’t reported-rape on college campuses- date rape, 1 in 3 women have experienced sexual assault-rape is crime that is committed again, on average commit 7 rapes before caught-date rape drugs-drugs such as GHB, roofies, or ketamine that are used to immobilize a person to facilitate an assaultMicro level explanations-intergenerational transmission of violence-a cycle of violence that is passed down to dependents, we learn norms and behaviors, by observing others*witness it in their own families and learn it there-stress explanation- due to stress, ten to be more violent, resources are tapped socially, financially,Macro level explanations-patriarchy- violence more likely to occur in cultures where man is in charge over woman (can be seen as justified, supported in some countries)-cultural norms support violence-in media, our sports are violent (football, wrestling, hockey etc.) allowed in those contexts*line between spanking for discipline and abuse, question of acceptable limits-family privacy-people are more isolated than ever before, more protective and fearful of interfering in others’ lives, don’t speak up*violence tends to occur more in families that are isolated, don’t have much contact with friends and families-Elder Abuse-abuse of an elderly person that can include physical, sexual, psychological, financial, or material exploitation and neglect*90% happen in home-domestic violence shelter- a temporary safe house for women (with or without children) who is escaping an abusive relationship Chapter 12-crude divorce rate- number of divorces per 1,000 people in population*less accurate-refined divorce rate- number of divorces that occur out of every 1,000 married women-divorce rate trends- peaked in 1940’s after WW2 after couples separated due to war, men with PTSD, women more independent and liked it*then down, then up in 60’s because of no fault divorce making it simpler*since in peak in 80’s it is going down, decliningmicro level factors for divorce-parent-divorce- people whose parents have divorced are also more likely to divorce themselves*intergenerational transmission of divorce- a pattern noted by researchers that people whose parents divorced are also more likely to divorce-age at marriage- younger couples have highest risk for divorce-parental status-couples who have children, especially young children, are less likely to get a
View Full Document
Unlocking...