FAD2230 – Exam 1 – Chapters 1-5 – Nari Jeter – Florida State UniversityChapter 1: Families Have Changed:o Colonial America: Families were businesses, schools, churches, and correctional, health and welfare institutions African Americans and Slaveryo Industrialized and Urbanized America: separate work and home life; waves of immigration Homes become a safe Have, women are masters in domain Poor, working class, middle, upper classo Modern America: Where we’re living now Not a lot of time working in factories Starting to merge work and home life because of technology Shifted towards privatization physically but not technologically Media is supposed to be reflective of our culture:o 1950’s Leave it to Beaver: Mom stays at home Dad goes to work Caucasian, Middle Classo 1970’s The Brady Bunch: 2 Families coming together (Step family) White, Upper Middle Class Sent a message that divorce is OKo 1980’s The Cosby Show: Black Family, Upper Class, Well Educated White people could relate, multigenerational Woman wore the pants in the familyo 1990’s Friends: Controversial, casual sex, pushed envelope of staying single Functioned like a familyo 2000’s Osbournes: Nuclear family, very wealthy, easy to say they are dysfunctional, but they were loving Types of Familyo Family of Orientation – The family you come from geneticallyo Family of Procreation – The family you create, in constant fluxo Fictive Kin –Not related, but are elevated because of importance in family Functions of Familyo Regulation of sexual behavioro Reproducing and socializing childreno Property and inheritanceo Economic cooperation and provision (families have different philosophies)o Social placement, status, and roleso Care, warmth, protection and intimacyDefinitions for Chapter 1:Family: A relationship by blood, marriage, or affection, in which members may cooperate economically, may care for children and may consider their identity to be intimately connected to the larger groupFamily of Orientation: The family that you are born intoFamily of Procreation: The family you make through marriage, partnering, and/or parenthoodFictive kin: Nonrelatives whose bonds are strong and intimateMarriage: An institutional arrangement between persons to publicly recognize social and intimate bondsSocialization: The process by which people learn the rules, expectations, and culture of the societySocial Structure: A stable framework of social relationships that guides our interactions with othersMicro-level: Focus on the individual and his or her interactions in specific settingsMacro-level: Focus on the interconnectedness of marriage, families, and intimate relationships with the rest of societySocial institution: A major sphere of social life, with a set of beliefs and rules that is organized to meet basic humanneedsStatus: The social position that a person occupiesMaster Status: The major defining status or statuses that a person occupiesHuman Agency: The ability of human beings to create viable lives even when they are constrained or limited by social forcesMonogamy: Marriage between one man and one womanPolygamy: A system that allows for more than one spouse at a time (gender unspecificed)Polygyny: The marriage pattern in which husbands can have more than one wifePolyandry: The marriage pattern in which wives are allowed to have more than one husbandPatriarchy: A form of social organization in which the norm or expectation is that men have a natural right to be in positions of authority over womenMatriarchy: A form of social organization in which the norm or expectation is that the power and authority in society would be vested in women.Egalitarian: The expectation that power and authority are vested in both men and women, equallyBilateral: Descent that can be traced through both male and female sides of the familyPatrilineal: A descent pattern where lineage is traced exclusively (or at least primarily) through the man’s family line.Matrilineal: A descent pattern where lineage is traced exclusively or primarily within women’s familiesPatrilocal: The expectation that a newly married couple will live with the husband’s family.Matrilocal: The expectation that a newly married couple will live with the family of the wifeNuclear Family: A family comprised of adults and their childrenExtended family: A family comprised of parents, children, and other relatives such as grandparentsCompanionate family: A marriage based on mutual affection, sexual attraction, compatibility, and personal happinessEmpirical approach: An approach that answers questions through a systematic collection and analysis of dataSurvey: A form of research that gathers information about attitutes or behaviors though the answers that people giveto questions.Random sample: A sample in which every “person of interest” has an equal chance of being selected into your research studyIn-depth interview: A research method that allows an interviewer to obtain detailed responses to questionsExperiment: A controlled method for determining cause and effectFocus Group: A small group interview of people who are brought together to discuss a particular topicObservational study: A research method that goes into the natural setting and observes people in actionSecondary Analysis: A research method in which the data were collected for some other purpose but still are useful to the researcherQuantitative research: Research that focuses on data that can be measured numericallyQualitative research: Narrative description with words rather than numbers to analyze patterns and their underlyingmeaningsStructural functionalism theory: A theory that attempts to determine the structure, systems, functions, and equilibrium of social institutionsConflict theory: A theory that emphasizes issues surrounding social inequality, power, conflict, and social changeFeminist theory: A theory in which gender is seen as the central concept for explaining family structure and family dynamicsSocial exchange theory: A theory that draws upon a model of human behavior used by many economists. It assumes that the individuals are rational beings, and their behavior reflects decisions evaluated on the basis of costs – both direct and opportunity costs – and benefits.Symbolic interaction theory: A theory that emphasizes the symbols we use in everyday interaction –words, gestures, appearances,-- and how these are
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