Exam 3 Study Guide Chapter 11 crisis a critical change of events that disrupts the functioning of a person s life family stress tensions that test a family s emotional resources acute stress short term stress chronic stress long term stress general adaptation syndrome GAS the pattern the body follows when coping with stress which includes the alarm reaction resistance and exhaustion social readjustment rating scale a scale of major life events over the past year each of which is assigned a point value The higher the score the greater the chance of having a serious medical event people tend to be heavier more stressed aging faster at the bottom of hierarchy Patterns of Family Crisis 3 phases 1 event that causes stress 2 disorganization that follows 3 reorganization takes place Five Patterns of the Effects of Stress Crises on Family Functioning no change increased decreased roller coaster most common mixed ABC X model designed to help us understand the variation in the ways that families cope with stress and crises A stressor event B resources family has individual people personality etc C family individuals perception of event X is it a crisis or did they adapt Double ABC X model understand the effects of the accumulation of stresses and crises and how families adapt to them A B C all the same plus aA pile up family life changes and transitions that take place because of it bB existing and new resources new coping resources cC family s perception of both stressor and its aftermath X bonadaptation adaptation maladaptation Violence is a social problem because 1 affects large numbers of people 2 it is not completely random Intimate Partner Violence violence between those who are physically and sexually in timate such as spouses or partners The violence can encompass physical economic sexual or psychological abuse men as victims not taken seriously double standard exists Conflict Tactics Scale CTS a scale based on how people deal with disagreements in relationships non aggressive responses discussed an issue calmly got information to back up your side of the issue brought in or tired to bring in someone to help settle the problem cried psychologically aggressive responses insulted him her or swore at him her sulked or refused to talk about the issue stomped out of the room or house did or said something to spite him her physically aggressive responses threatened to hit him her or throw something at him her threw or smashed or hit or kicked something threw something at him her pushed grabbed or shoved him her slapped him her kicked bit or hit him her with a fist hit or tried to hit him her with something beat him her up choked him her threatened him her with a knife used a knife Frequency 1 in 4 women will experience domestic violence in their lifetime economic effects people lose days of paid work Types of Intimate Partner Violence common couple violence from an argument less likely to cause severe injury intimate partner violence physical psychological or sexual violence that is motivated by a desire to control the other partner more likely to escalate over time cause PTSD violent resistance self defense almost always women mutual violent control both people are controlling and violent physical fights Stalking Cyberstalking obsessive contact or tracking of another person threaten victims electronically cyberstalking usually escalates Consequences economic bruises and broken bones stress health problems social isolation psychological PTSD depression anxiety learned helplessness psychological condition of having low self esteem feeling help less and having no control that is causes by repeated abuse battered women s syndrome recognized psychological condition often a subcate gory of PTSD used to describe someone who has been the victim of consistent and or severe domestic violence escalates slowly embarrassment have a relationship with the person women most prone to dating violence ages 16 24 violence in homosexual relationships too Rape Sexual Assault marital rape can be prosecuted most aren t reported rape on college campuses date rape 1 in 3 women have experienced sexual assault rape is crime that is committed again on average commit 7 rapes before caught date rape drugs drugs such as GHB roofies or ketamine that are used to immobilize a person to facilitate an assault Micro level explanations intergenerational transmission of violence a cycle of violence that is passed down to dependents we learn norms and behaviors by observing others witness it in their own families and learn it there stress explanation due to stress ten to be more violent resources are tapped so cially financially Macro level explanations patriarchy violence more likely to occur in cultures where man is in charge over woman can be seen as justified supported in some countries cultural norms support violence in media our sports are violent football wrestling hockey etc allowed in those contexts line between spanking for discipline and abuse question of acceptable limits family privacy people are more isolated than ever before more protective and fearful of interfering in others lives don t speak up violence tends to occur more in families that are isolated don t have much contact with friends and families Elder Abuse abuse of an elderly person that can include physical sexual psychologi cal financial or material exploitation and neglect 90 happen in home domestic violence shelter a temporary safe house for women with or without chil dren who is escaping an abusive relationship Chapter 12 crude divorce rate number of divorces per 1 000 people in population less accurate refined divorce rate number of divorces that occur out of every 1 000 married women divorce rate trends peaked in 1940 s after WW2 after couples separated due to war men with PTSD women more independent and liked it then down then up in 60 s because of no fault divorce making it simpler since in peak in 80 s it is going down declining micro level factors for divorce parent divorce people whose parents have divorced are also more likely to divorce themselves intergenerational transmission of divorce a pattern noted by researchers that people whose parents divorced are also more likely to divorce age at marriage younger couples have highest risk for divorce parental status couples who have children especially young children are less likely to get a divorce nonmarital childbearing couples that have children prior to marriage are more likely to get a
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