Final Exam Study Guide Civil Rights Movement Terms Names Themes NOTE we covered this topic immediately before and after the midterm exam so I might revisit some of it on the final exam Strategies used by the Civil Rights Movement Non violent Strategies training where people would harass others in order to prepare them for the violence that would ensue once they start to protest Sit in lunches that were integrated Differences of opinion between the older and the newer Civil Rights Movement The early Civil Rights Movement was led by the NAACP However as time progressed many facets and sub movements were added into the greater Civil Rights Movement There were several leaders later on bot of course M L K Is one of the most notable leaders of that time White Allies of the Civil Rights Movement why and how they assisted Some Northern whites were rather progressive and believed in equality Whites helped during sit ins and during Freedom Summer and the Freedom Rides They also helped with the voting registration Impact of the African American Civil Rights Movement on other movements the Civil Rights Movement was the foundation and background for many sub movements that were under the greater Civil Rights Movement such as the Black Panther Movement Black Panthers including their 10 Point Plan 1966 was started by Huey Newton and Bobby Seale They came out of California There major goals included but were not limited to receiving freedom employment land and money grants The Black Panthers believed in and strongly encouraged self defense by any means necessary They believed that the non violent path of Martin Luther King Jr was extremely unhelpful had failed and had not accomplished anything The Black Panthers certainly wanted to stop the oppression of minorities and achieve their goals The threat of violence and fighting was an absolute component of their doctrine and plans The 10 Point Plan of the party was the list of goals and necessities that the Black Panthers wanted to accomplish Black Power a term coined by Stokely Carmichael that referred to Black militancy Ruby Bridges New Orleans 1960 Every white parent pulled their kids out of the classroom that the six year old girl was in The whole year the teacher and Ruby just sit there together and get along well The teacher eventually lost her job and went up North to find more employment because of the politics after the school year was over Brown v Board 1954 Made it to the Supreme Court and overturned Plessy vs Ferguson and questioned the legality of segregation in public schools All deliberate speed Everything is left to the local governments Integration did not actually take effect until the 1970 s Stokely Carmichael leader of the student section of the SCLC He was a part of the Student Non violent Coordinating Committee SNCC He led another March Against Fear with Martin Luther King Carmichael coined the term Black Power and promoted the more militant thread of the Civil Rights Movement CORE Congress On Racial Equality Black and White students joined forces and protested together Black and White protestors took the moral high road The participants endured several hard and grueling sit ins in which Blacks and Whites would sit together in a segregated diner or restaurant These supporters of the Civil Rights were harassed in various ways such as having coffee salt pepper and many other condiments thrown into their faces and eyes and being hit pushed slapped and vigorously thrown to the floor They endured several months of training before doing the sit ins The first sit in was in 1960 in Greensboro N C Sit ins soon became popular and widespread after that Tallahassee even had a sit in as well Medgar Evers murdered in 1963 He was an African American Civil Rights activist from Mississippi that protested to end segregation at the University of Mississippi Freedom Riders 1961 college students black and white rode the buses together and supported the cause The mobs shook the buses and threw fire bombs into the buses Lots of work still to be done James Zwerg white guy that had to wait a long time to get to the hospital because no taxi driver would take him Freedom Summer June of 1964 Was aimed at increasing Black voter registration in Mississippi Some Caucasians also helped the cause Many of the participants faced abuse bodily harm endangerment harassment and many other grave circumstances and encounters CORE Congress On Racial Equality Was an important Civil Rights organization and helped with the voter registration James Cheney Black Andrew Goodman White and Michael Schwerner White were going to help the voters but ended up going missing and disappearing It was later discovered that they were murdered and the federal government forced an investigation Martin Luther King Jr His phone was tapped He was harassed and called a Communist They found the most unflattering pictures of him Everyone knows about MLK He was a Southern Baptist preacher and was all bout non violence as an effective way of protesting He represented the older and more conservative generation He was Southern and non violent Little Rock Nine Little Rock Arkansas Nine students wanted to join the ranks of the white high schools Governor Orval Faubus would rather shut down the schools than integrate Eisenhower uses the National Guard to protect and support the black students He upheld the Brown vs Board of Education Most of them finished high school there but some of them left because of the harassment There were only nine of them and they were never in the same classes together March on Washington many Black men women and children marched on Washington during this non violent act of protest Silent protesting James Meredith he lead the March Against Fear in 1966 He was most notable for being the guy who integrated Ole Miss He was shot by a sniper but survived Ole Miss 1962 Meredith integrated Ole Miss There were mobs violence tanks bonfires and only a few people were killed Montgomery Bus Boycott Rosa Parks refused to give her seat and was arrested because of it The white section and the black section and she refused to give up her seat Parks was a member of the NAACP and attended the Highlander Folks Citizenship School Parks was an activist against sexual violence towards black women The community rises around her and has had enough and say that it is time to boycott the buses If you re on the bus and you re black then you have to deal with being told that you have to move to the
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