Race and Ethnicity in the U S 9 5 9 9 Discussion question When you think of Native American or Indian what comes to mind Feathers Headdresses The extinction of a human race Hunting Painted Faces War paint Different Tribes Wild ness Natural Wisdom Their history how long they have existed Peace pipes Deerskin outfits STATE OF NATURE special relationship with the earth that is unchanging Other cultures argue that we have moved away from the native American lifestyle Noble Savage Things that are sold with the Indian image Red Man Wintergreen dip Americans Best Land O Lakes butter Pocahontas the Disney version Cleveland Indians Atlanta Braves Redskins Florida State Seminoles 1970 s PSA on Pollution TWILIGHT Native American representation screaming fighting wild actions Chief Osceola They are timeless unchanging have a connection to the land Espera Oscar De Corti not Native American at all actually Sicilian Eastern Woodland cultures Northeast region along the Atlantic Coast Almost 1 000 000 at the time of contact Spoke various dialects of Algonquian Seasonal farmers as well as hunter gatherers Examples Powhatans in the Virginia tidewaters Narragansett s of Rhode Island Abenakis in northern New England European Ventures and Newfoundland 984 A D the Vikings led by Eric the Red made settlements in both Greenland 1492 Christopher Columbus saw what he called the West Indies His voyage was supported by Spain 1519 Hernan Cortez led expeditions into Mexico 1534 Jacques Cartier claimed Canada for France 1584 Sir Walter Raleigh settled what he called Virginia in honor of Queen The Arrival of the English Elizabeth o The mystery of Roanoke 1607 Jamestown VA was settled John Smith Between 1619 1622 3 500 English individuals migrated to America What motivated the English Economics o England is going through population boom People have more children need more food need more land to grow food England needs to expand Religion o People want to pursue freedom of religion Adventure Competition with the Spanish Civilized and Savage The relationship between English and other people was shaped by the idea of who was civilized and who was savage Before Indians English and the Irish Queen Elizabeth I sent British over to colonize Ireland A two tiered society developed Irish were labeled savage by the English The Irish Savage Catholicism pagan idolaters English felt the land was not being cultivated properly English believed the Irish were lazy and not deserving of the land The Indian Savage The English saw American land as undeveloped Religion Believed hunting to be primitive Saw Indian men as lazy Savage brutes John Winthrop Jr Example of Gods prophet our title to this place Expansion Native Americans Said that God was making room for the settlers and hath hereby cleared British expansion in the colonies led to greater violence between them and o King Phillip s War 1675 76 o Matacom aka King Phillip of the Wampanoags united tribes against o More than half of all New England towns were pushed back to the the English coast Ultimately the English won the conflict but only barely There is a religious component arguing violence against native Americans god favors British over native American The Devil decoyed those miserable savages in hopes that the Gospel of the Lord Jesus Christ would never come here to destroy or disturb His absolute Cotton Mather empire over them To be Indianized Saw vigilance against Native Americans as vigilance against sin and vice Proximity to wilderness To say someone was Indianized was to say that they were serving the Devil To New Englanders especially Puritans Indians personified sexuality sin laziness the loss of self control etc Other opinions Sometimes colonists would be taken captive during conflict Many of them were positive documenting the Native Americans hospitality If freed they often wrote about their stories and kindness
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