Day 1Nationality- where a person retains citizenshipRace- assumption of innate differences based on real or imagined physical characteristics, made racismRacialization. Ideological racism- belief where someone thinks their race is better than another or everyone else. Considers a group unchangeable because of their physical or intellectual characteristics.. Scientific racism- experiments paid by the government to prove one race is better than another by scienceJohann Blumenbach – 1795; decided to put down the hierarchy of the races into a book; trying to find perfect race that northern Europeans could be compared to. Samuel Morton- Philadelphia, scientist trying to prove blacks were less than whies by collecting a measuring skulls, the bigger skull(white) was bigger than the blacks skull which was much smaller.. Josiah Nott- made book called “Types of Mankind”, book said Africans should only be slaves because if they were free they would run around and mate with whites which would make abnormal children. Individual racism- one person acts out against one persons or group. Institutional racism- it’s the policy of the government to discriminate against a group or race. Dominant group vs. subordinate group- dominate groups sets the rules and is the hierarchy, the WASPS. W- WhiteA- AngloS- SaxonP- ProtestantDay 2Types of immigrants. Voluntary- moves to another country voluntarily, nothing is making them leave. Displaced Person- move because of a threat in political office, their life, or natural disaster, they go back after issue is resolved. Forced- forced to move against their will, mostly slavesDominant groups- highest number of people and highest amount of power, puts the smaller groups in based how they think they areSubordinate groups- smaller or new group, have to pick to either assimilate or acculturate . Assimilate- give up EVERYTHING about themselves to be more like the dominate group to fit in. Happens very quickly. Acculturate- people stay true to their culture and heritage but adapt some traits of the dominant group, stay true to yourself. Happens over time, gradually change and adapt. Example, American Indians, speak English but retain their rituals and trade.3 Categories to describe U.S.. Anglo conformity- everyone assimilates to become WASPS. Melting pot- everyone give up everything to become a new people. Cultural pluralism- gives up a little, but retains most values and heritageThree Waves of Immigration in American History:.Formative Wave, 1607-1820. First Wave Immigration, 1820-1880. Second Wave of Immigration, 1880-1920 1st Americans were hunters and gatherers. mainly hunted animals, on the side they picked berries, always on the move.. also called Clovis Hunters because they went to current day New Mexico, their arrow heads were found in a town now called ClovisAgricultural Revolution. started in Central Mexico, 200 AD Americans used it. allowed people to stay and live in 1 place. now Indians were living off crops and supplementing with meatAnasazi(part of agricultural revolution). main crops were corn, squash, and beans. homes built on side of cliffs, crops in valley below, had irrigation system through the mountains to the valley. drought hit 1250 AD, not enough foodCahokia(part of agricultural revolution). mound builders, lived in current day St. Louis. 1350 AD, fed over 40,000 people. built pyramids to try and reach sun god. Ceremonial burial- people buried with all their possessions for after life, killed friends so dead dude could have company. 1450 AD drought hit. controlled tradeIndian Tribes in 1492. Iroquois and Algonquian hunted each other, first to possess firearms. Adoption- someone dies in one tribe they would take someone from opposite tribe and make them one of them. Iroquois ate organs of Algonquian’s to possess their special powers. got horses from the Spanish which let them travel to Mid-West. became hunters and gatherers again . herded buffalo, horses became the new currency and status symbol. best riders were called Comanche, they raided and got whatever they needed, tortured people to prove their point1st Conflict with Native Americans. during American Revolution, British told Natives if Americans won they would take their land, so Natives fought for the British. we won, British never gave us our promised land, instead gave Natives guns to fight us. 1812 we found out and went to war with the BritishThomas Jefferson. made policy of assimilation for Natives, Natives east of Mississippi moved to west of the Mississippi River so they can watch us an learn to act like us, can’t come back until they are like usAndrew Jackson. hated British and Natives. family killed by Natives. 1st gold rush in North Georgia, 10,000 miners went and invaded Cherokee land. Jackson said they were a nuisance, 1830 Congress signed Indian Removal Act, moved Indians to certain designated areas. Supreme Court said Cherokees could have their land back because they were a separate nation, Jackson ignored it. Natives sent to Oklahoma, Tail of Tear, 4,000 out of 16,000 Natives died on the wayDavid Crocket stood up for Indians and declined the Indian Removal ActSeminoles. Mix of a bunch of different tribes. fought back for 6 years, 1846-1852 Seminole Indian War, one of longest in historyAfter Civil War, relationships changedGreat Plains. we started to move into and invade the Natives landUlysses S. Grant. conquest through kindness, move Indians to reservations and government will take care of them, learn the white ways, put in schoolsDay 3—MissedDay 42 tribes invaded England from Roman Empire, Anglo and Saxon’s1066 Norman Conquest- Normans took over England99% of Englishmen coming to the New World were Protestant, broke from Catholic Church1% Englishmen coming to New World were Catholic, lived in MarylandHenry VIII, king of England, wanted a son but kept having daughters, asked Pope to divorce his wife and Pope said no. 1534 Henry started his own church so he could divorceFrench, Dutch, and Spanish all didn’t last because they were built on one product.French and Dutch were for fur trade. Spanish were for gold and silverEnglish lasted because they attracted so many people because of religion, had many different kinds of people with different skills1st Great Migration. 1629-1640. took place in New England. mosquitoes were deadly, New England so cold they didn’t have to worry about them. short growing season, no cash crops.
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