AMH2097 Final Exam Immigration from Italy Love Northern Italians hate Southern Italians not on Test 2 Main division between the north and the south Different languages food religions very diverse from each other Introduction to Italy No such thing as the country of Italy Italian City States 1859 1919 Unification Different languages food religions very diverse from each other 1919 last year we have immigrants from Italy Immigration from Southern Italian City States 1880 1920 2nd Wave 1880 Already started passing Naturalization Acts ideas of Immigration Acts Italy The South Rome fell Naples crime Mafia dirty loud Barely standing by the 1880s Mainly because all the division NO money Stereotypes Stereotypes of Southern Italians were given by Northern Italians loved them Stupid because they were uneducated Illiterate 80 children don t ever get to go to school peasants Can t even sign names to come into America Peasants like sharecroppers with less rights Work for free in return for a mud hut and some food Forced to stay on land nowhere else to go Inferior Face Mongrel Race mutt mix Saying they don t have a family Dark associated with negativity Backward family is absolutely everything only institution Do not let their women outside of the home Violent Vendetta and Mafia poster children for organized crime Southern Italians Life in Italy The Southern Italian Family only institution that they pay attention to UNIQUE Family is everything to them Person who leads family moral guide what is right wrong Law and rules of God do not matter TRUST NO ONE only trust the family Actively believe that everyone is out to get them Makes them separate from everyone themselves and other cultures Honor Males are in charge of the public sphere outside of the home Leader of the family is always male the one who holds the most power publicly powerful not measured by age other people respect him Choose who you marry what job you take when you immigrate He was also the government and the Church Moral compass and laws Women are in charge of the private sphere interior home AMH2097 Final Exam Males practice honor by Vendetta Argument with two people argument between two families Dishonored entire family with behavior Other family puts out a vendetta against the person Vendettas can go on for centuries two families hate each other Vendettas get a bad name in America by Northern Italians Always has to end with death A vendetta does not have to end w death Misunderstood Females practice honor by Virginity Only way to link families is by marriage very hard to find a family to link to insulated group Female is an ambassador to the new family Must be a virgin one and only requirement for a female Will declare vendetta against entire family if female is not a virgin when married 1 Actual marriage in the church Husband and wife and two members of the family Go back to the wife s families house Throw a party reception Public uniting of two families publicly recognizing that the two families are united 2 Walking to the marital chamber Immediately behind bride groom Relatives mom sister etc carries the box with sheets for bed that she has been making her whole life they make the bed tuck the bride in Women remove the sheets from the bed and take them to the village square Showing of the sheets blood on sheets Hung up in the village square for a week for everyone to see Most likely will be blood on sheets most women that get married are very young about 13 If a family member has abused her there is nothing she can do about it May become a nun blessing to family or be disowned from both families Completely her fault her families fault If there was no blood on the sheets she would be disowned and her family would be dishonored Other family would declare Vendetta on the other family Life in Italy Southern Italy s Religion Roman Catholic Church Non Institutional TRUST NO ONE Against the Church as a business Pope is their boss makes lots of from the land Illiterate peasant because of the Pope But they are religious have nothing to do with the Catholic Church Hatched matched and dispatched Catholics go to Church for baptism wedding funeral Only three times they are in the Church Practice beliefs of Catholicism teachings of Jesus etc Don t care about Pope Church as a business Shrine Virgin Mary Saints Rosary prayer beads Non institutional Catholics pray for everything to everyone for themselves Magic Problem with other Catholics Built their own Catholic Church individual parishes ethnic based AMH2097 Final Exam Southern Italians in America 2 Much faster boat two weeks price of ticket goes down more people can afford it Steerage class 1880 1920 nd Wave Why did they leave Overpopulation natural disasters Mt Vesuvius erupted ruined land taxes tithe Government taxes Italian unification creating roads gov buildings Tithe religious tax required for the building of Churches Why did they come to the US Go to Italy and post flyers about how amazing America is Southern Italians can t read Start recruiting people to America say how great it is Industrial Revolution 1880 Need unskilled labor to work in factories Nobody in America wanted to work there paid very little Can be easily trained replaced Assembly lines of people each person is trained to do one thing Four Factors of Southern Italians Money Enough to come over family usually saves and sends one person over Can t stay for very long because of the family RETURN MIGRATION Sojourners Birds of Flight plan on returning home after 5 years 1880 70 of Southern Italians return home 1920 only 10 of Southern Italians return home WWI Getting unified formalize US immigration policy 1921 know that they will not be able to come back if something bad happens in Italy Change to CHAIN MIGRATION need to bring over their ENTIRE family average 25 people Anchor immigrant will being over an average of 24 people Numbers 5 million all come over in 40 years Location Ethnic Enclaves Little Italy s NYC Boston Next to Five Points Chinatown etc away from WASPs close to port Return Migrants 70 don t plan on staying 1880 1900 work and family Don t plan on speaking English Padrone usually represents a small village certain families speaks English Saying village name when people get off the boat recognize language town Promises that he will find you a Tenement w people from your village find you a job Asks for money headhunter finds you a job He usually has an agreement with a factory takes of salary like a
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