Race and Ethnicity in the United States 9 28 Kirchendeutschen church schools Vereinsdeutschen societies clubs fraternities Model Immigrants Racially similar Most had money PA Dutch stereotypes Large numbers 6 million Location They are against assimilating o Hardworking honest industrious protestant middle class As the 19th century ends German immigrants are less and less favored as a group World War I German Americans of the population Germany Austro Hungary and Ottoman Empire vs Britain France Russia Public Opinion o Germans v English within the U S Woodrow Wilson o Pro British openly takes their side o People in America were actively supporting their opinion o Shapes public opinion o Hyphenates Groups of American immigrants who decide to go by German Immigrants and such He says these people are a problem Largely anti German 1914 1918 Anti German Campaigns APL American Protective League Attorney general instituted a voluntary detective force 200 000 strong they convey any information to the justice department for people that were dis loyal o They never found anything Almost 6 000 people were held in an internment camp in fort ovalthorpe GA People were banning speaking and teaching German language Libraries will openly burn and destroy books that have German content German people were lynched After the war these things were determined unconstitutional Robert Prager charged and sentenced with disloyalty to the U S dragged barefooted from his home by a mob of people Forced to carry a German flag o Rescued by the police to protect him from jail o Mob broke into jail o Policeman did not stop mob from taking him but escorted him outside of city lines to lynch him All of this hysteria rapidly died after the war World War II 23 000 interned based on nationality or political affiliation Not was bad for Germans as WWI Why o There is a common enemy Nazi s Review Stereotypes of PA Dutch carried over to 19th C German immigrants Worked hard to preserve culture language and community Largest anti German sentiment during WWI NEW SECTION German Immigrants Homestead Act of 1862 Bacon Letters o Gave 160 acres to anyone in the west with 5 years to develop the land o Germans who wrote home to family and friends often talked of the meat they ate showed wealthiness Diversity o Prevented overall unification o Example of coming unification vereinsdeutschen Irish and German Immigrants o Money makes all the difference o Push pull factors o Why were they good or not good immigrant groups o Stereotypes The Immigrants in Holland Michigan o 17th century migration o 1820 1900 340 000 o Peaked 1830 1845 English attack and conquer New Netherland and rename it NY after King James II Push and Pull Factors o Push Factors o High taxes low wages o Religious conflict Netherlands o Pull Factors o Abundance of Land o Religious freedom DRC Dutch reformed church the national church of the RCA reformed church Albertus Van Raalte founder o Oct 2 1846 Raalte and 53 other Dutch immigrants head to the U S they arrive in NY head to Wisconsin but end up in Detroit because of the harsh winter They settled in Holland Michigan
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