• Assimilation: the state of being assimilated; people of different backgrounds come to see themselves as part of a larger national family• Integration: The bringing of people of different racial or ethnic groups into unrestricted and equal association, as in society or an organization• Civilization: the stage of human social development and organization that is considered most advanced.• Manifest Destiny: Americans were destined by God to spread out and expand across the continent. Indian Removal and American Process painting• Imperialism: a policy of extending a country's power and influence through diplomacy ormilitary force.*What does it take for a group to become American?-When they are born in America; When they let go of their culture and traditions and create a new American life for themselves. *What benefits come with a top position in the racial hierarchy?-Wealth, health, sexuality freedom, education, jobs are more accessible, etc. *Changes in laws relating to interracial relationships*Changes in media portrayals of and American attitudes toward interracial relationshipsBinary opposition: seen as a fundamental organizer of human philosophy, culture, and languageCivilization/Americanization: Where people from other countries come over to America and become civilized and become “American” and take up American ways and customs and leave their own behind. Ethnicity: a social group of people who identify with each other based on common ancestral, cultural, social, or national experience.Hybrid vigor: “cross breeding” between whites and blacksHyphenated Americans: a term used for Americans who were of foreign birth or origin, andwho displayed an allegiance to a foreign country.Loving v. Virginia: A white man and a black woman had married and were put in jail in Virginia for having an interracial relationship. American melting pot: The idea that all the cultures and races mix into one when they cometo America. Immigrants help make up the “Melting pot” Miscegenation: the interbreeding of people considered to be of different racial types.Nationality: Based on where you are a citizen; your nation of birth.Othering: view or treat (a person or group of people) as intrinsically different from and alien to oneself. white/black, men/women, poor/rich, thin/fat Race: based on physical characteristics- a social group that persons inside or outside the group have decided is important to single out as inferior or superior. Racial hierarchy: A system that creates the idea that certain races are more superior to other inferior races. Whites vs. blacks, Whites vs. any other race.Symbolic ethnicity: a love for and pride in a tradition that can be felt without having to be incorporated in everyday behavior.White privilege: refers to the set of societal privileges that white people benefit from beyond those commonly experienced by people of color in the same social, political, or economic spaces. More likely to be wealthy, educated, healthy, etc. *How did Native Americans live before contact with Europeans?*The Impact of European Disease on the Natives*The differences between the Spanish, French, and English treatment of natives*How the relationship between Natives and English settlers in Massachusetts changed overtime.*What did Americans mean by "civilization"?*Andrew Jackson's connection to Indian Removal- hypocritical*The Differences of Opinions among Native and White Americans regarding Indian RemovalColumbian Exchange: brought food, tools, animals, language, women/children, religion, slaves. Culture Areas: different Indian cultures around the world- all share different cultures. Cycle of Displacement: natives and colonists—peaceful—settlers spread out—conflict.First ThanksgivingFive Civilized Tribes: Cherokee, Seminole, Choctaw, Muscogee, ChickasawFur Trade: King Philip's War: First Indian war- Metacom was the leader against the English- Killed King Philip. Manifest Destiny: Americans are destined to expand across the continent. Metis: Had intermarriage with French, traded furs, and created military alliances. Mississippian Culture:Osceola: leader in the Seminole community.Pequot War: Puritans burned the fence and everyone inside the fence down. Pocahontas: Powhaton chief’s daughter who marries John Rolfe. Powhatan Confederacy: John Rolfe: Marries Pocahontas and brings her back to EnglandSecond Seminole War: US and SeminolesThree Sisters: squash, corn, and beansTrail of Tears: Wampanoag Indians (inc. Massassoit- Wampanoag chief, Metacom- Massassoit’s son,Squanto- indian that knew English and helped indians)Worcester vs. Georgia: The trial against *The development of slaveryCC*The differences between slavery in different places/settingsC*The conditions of slaveryC*The ways slaves resisted their enslavement.C*The rise of abolitionismC*The arguments for and against slavery, including biblical ones.C*Abolitionism's impact on Woman SuffrageCCAmerican Colonization Society: Wanted to send African American slaves back to Africa.Chattel Slavery: the idea that slave owners owned you, your life, your children, and their offspring; compared to owning cattle. Civil Disobedience: is the active, professed refusal to obey certain laws, demands, and commands of a government, or of an occupying international powerFrederick Douglass: a freed slave who became one of the leaders of the abolitionist movement.Olaudah Equiano: was also a former slave who bought his freedom and became apart of theabolition slave movement.Garrisonian Abolitionism: Extreme abolitionists who were determined about emancipation- created by radical William Lloyd Garrison Gullah Culture: Middle Passage:CNat Turner's Rebellion: Gathered a group of rebellious slaves and went and slaughtered plantation owners and their families. CPartus Sequitur Ventrem: The status of the mother is the status of the children; slave identity passed on to their kids.Samual Sewall: First American to become Abolitionist- Salem Witch Trials judge in the 1700s, wrote “The Selling of Joseph”, was a PuritanSlave auctions:Stono Rebellion: large slave rebellionHarriet Beecher Stowe: wrote “Uncle Tom’s Cabin”Sugar TradeCTriangle Trade: Eurpoeaons going to Africa, taking slaves, sending them to America.Harriet Tubman: Abolitionist who saved and attempted to save many slaves- union spy, used the underground railroadCUncle Tom's CabinUnderground RailroadC*Push/Pull Factors of the antebellum ethnic groups*Criticisms of the
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