Race and Ethnicity in the United States10/10First Wave of Immigration 1820-1880 (Gold Rush)- 1820-1845: 325- 1852: 20,000 in U.S almost exclusively in California- By 1880 10% of California’s population was Chinese- In total: Between 1849-1880 300,000 immigratedPush Factors- Extreme poverty- Taiping Rebelliono A variety of civil wars in China, one of the bloodiest events in the worldo 1854-1860o 20 million people died, many civilians- Evidence of the bubonic plague and widespread faminePull Factors- California God Rush of 1849- More than 300,000 people come to the territory in two years (not just Chinese)o Becomes a state in a mere 2 yearso Becomes a “free” state, no slaves, that is why there are room for Chinese - “Credit Ticket System”o Pacific Mail Steamship Company- Economic opportunitieso Minerso Transcontinental railroado Agricultureo Launderers – washed and pressed clothes Because mining is so dangerous (theft, attacks, etc.) Chinese miners work in teams; this also helps them find more goldCulture- 77% lived in California- Chinatownso Neighborhoods or districts that the cities and courts tell Chinese where they have to liveo Different from ethnic enclaves- Deep culture shocko Queue – the habit of shaving parts of your head while growing out other parts of your hair very very long. Symbolizes that you are a subject of the Qing Dynasty. - More than 90% meno 1850 San Francisco: 4018 men, 7 women Cultural practices that keep women in china Its is expensive for them to come over Not many jobs for them in U.S. Chinese American Associations- Kognsi- Chinese Consolidated Benevolent Association (CCBA)o 1880so Legal representation, health, education, job finding, funeral servicesChinatowns- “Slumming”o White people pay for a ticket and get on the trolley and take a tour of Chinatown- Gamblingo Fan-tan, faro, lotteries- Prostitution-
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