AMH2097 09 01 2015 I RACE The assumption of differences based on real imagined characteristics A Government bases race off of skin gives them that identity o 1 Links exterior characteristics with inferior internal character Assuming Stereotypes o 2 Cultural Construction Historical Invention o 3 System of dividing population political undertones B Racism when you take the assumption and believe you are superior inferior to someone else based on skin color o Positive Racism o Negative Racism Someone else is superior because of race Someone else is inferior because of race II Ethnicity group of people have something in common with one another ethnic group Accent physical homeland religion culture language dietary A Nativism Believe someone is inferior superior to you b c of their ethnic group III Nationality Where you re from Hard to identify A Where you hold your passport Dual Citizen 2 passports B Until you become an American you may not be considered one o US wants to give citizenship to immigrants 9 11 made more difficult C Identity How do you define yourself o Race Sex Ethnicity Nationality American o Relationships Work Student Sexual Orientation o What if someone else defined you 1 Creating Difference the other 2 Racial Ethnic Hierarchies Hierarchy assed based on how different they are from us rank system IV The History of Immigration A Formative Wave 1607 1830 Do not consider themselves to be immigrants o Immigrant Moves from 1 place to the other o Colonization Group of people decide to move somewhere stay there establish a new country o Don t consider land to be occupied o Wave of the English English majority many others come over as well B First Wave 1830 1880 them C Second Wave 1880 1920 o Irish Chinese German Commonality is how the English treat o Huge group of people come Americans react o 1921 Immigration law o Southern Italians Jews E Europe S Europe Russia Japan Commonality is that they cause immigration laws D Third Wave 1965 Present o 1965 Immigration laws changed to open up more o 2001 2010 1 million became legal per year o Mexicans Cubans Latin America S E Asia China everyone else V Why Do Immigrants Leave Push Factors Religious Persecution Genocide War Natural Disaster Famine Family follows Economy MOST immigrants do not want to leave something is forcing them VI Why Do Immigrants Come to the US Pull Factors MOST immigrants do not want to come here o Very hard to get here strict laws education system not as good US does not like immigrants Living standards better opportunities American Dream Jobs Minimum Wage Safety Equality for women religious groups VII Process of Emigration Decision to leave or not 1 FACTORS o Propaganda literature from America We want immigrants to do the jobs we would not do o Ads in newspapers o Travel accounts guidebooks o American Letters written by people who emigrated to family back home Returned immigrant go to US make go back to original country Anti Emigration Forces o Upper class use of clergy journalists upper class makes money off of lower class Upper class pay off clergy to talk about how horrible America is o Families use American Letters families do not want immigrants to leave AL used in negative way b c not everyone has a good experience in America 2 Traveling to the Port City most money used to get here 3 Take Temporary Residence in PC to make enough money to get on the boat to America 4 Crossing The Ocean Save up or BORROW money to get on boat go into debt b c no money for food after 5 Temporary Permanent Residence in city of arrival Boston NYC San Francisco 6 Fitting Into Trying to American Society VIII HOW IMMIGRANTS FIT IN Assimilation giving up former culture to totally adapt to new culture Anglo conformity must conform to majority WASP Xenophobia fear of immigrants people that are different React irrationally b c scared of losing power What does assimilation entail o Speak English dress English age American family get educated about this culture protestant religion job act like an American how long one plans on staying Protestant to be a Christian w o being catholic IX ACCULTURATION trying to fit into new society w o giving up original culture beliefs what most immigrants do mistaken for posing Cultural Pluralism America is better b c we have immigrants the ones who founded us not current THE PROCESS most immigrants die acculturating children do assimilate if born here o Un assimilate able immigrant CANNOT assimilate into a WASP even if born in this country ALL ABOUT LOOKS ex African American Chinese FORMATIVE WAVE 1607 1830 English Africans others 1 Establishing North America o Native Peoples 16 500 13 000 years ago o 1000 AD Norse Viking o 1500s Spanish French Dutch Success o 1607 English settles from Jamestown THE ENGLISH Great Britain o Not a homogenous group different backgrounds Anglos Saxons Gaelic tribes Picts Britons Romans Vikings o FACTORS LEADING TO IMMIGRATION OF THE ENGLISH Economic upper class related to king queen 2 nd 3 rd sons Poor but most populated Limited options born into wealth but personally don t have money Preacher Army or Emigrate to America more land Indentured Servants sign contract to work 5 7 years slavery Emigrate to America for land opportunities for marriage religious equality there s more space in jail Used on plantations building roads in America against their will Pilgrims Puritans Quakers emigrate Poverty jail to work off debts b c Religion Convicts 09 01 2015 I Ideas on Immigration and Naturalization Citizenship A Naturalization process of becoming a citizen Give to immigrant Great Britain losing power B Three Different Models ALL NATIVIST XENOPHOBIC o 1 Pro Immigration for Labor Anti Rights Virginia 2nd 3rd sons indentured servants o 2 Exclude all but those exactly like us Massachusetts Nativist Puritans o 3 PLURALISM Pennsylvania allow people to emigrate and give right excited about differences not always treated equally C Nativism Xenophobia Pennsylvania o 1 Aliens anyone different opposite the other o 2 Poor Impotent anyone we don t want to come in o 3 Benjamin Franklin on Germans ignorant aliens never adopt language customs D Immigration Formation of USA o 1 1776 evolving idea of who could have membership in the American Polity o 2 Article I Section 8 US Constitution Congress has authority to create a uniform rule of naturalization 3 Positions 1 No Limits allow everyone Pennsylvania 2 Period of Assimilation receive rights when 3 Restriction don t allow anyone in earned
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