Organized attacks on Jewish communities Pogroms Tenements America letters Elisabeth Koren Poorly built overcrowded housing where many immigrants lived Letters that were written to people in other countries that either talked up America or put down America Wife of a Lutheran minister from Norway Her diaries described the lives of Norwegian immigrants how they wanted pastors so that they Tells us a great deal about the lives of the early immigrants She and her husband were unlike most immigrants middle class in Norway and well educated She was deaf Her husband was recruited to serve a Lutheran church in Iowa in 1853 could have churches Complained about food pork coffee and beer Visitors brought news from the outside to the isolated settlement Described the social life she built for herself in her family s parsonage Southern tier of Italy where most Italian immigrants came from Mezzogiorno Pick and shovel work Gold Mountain Sacramento San Joaquin River Delta In the United States most Italians worked in pick and shovel jobs this was an unskilled trade which included jobs at Factories in construction etc This is the name that was given to California by the Chinese gum saan during the gold rush Every spring these 2 rivers deposited their nutrient filled water on the land region of California experienced flooding tried to install levies Fictional poem about a card game between two characters a Chinese and an Irish man Although the Irish man continues to cheat he continues to lose to the Chinese man who it turns out is also cheating Implies that the Chinese were better cheaters but both were stealing jobs from Americans Federal Law creating a system of control to become a naturalized citizen of the US This updated the Act of 1790 allowing blacks to become citizens excluding the Chinese The Heathen Chinese Naturalization Act Denis Kearney anti Chinese violence The Grange The Populist Party Irish immigrant who hated the Chinese The Chinese must go Felt that the Chinese had stolen their livelihood Before I starve in a country like this I will cut his throat and take everything he has Promoted political overthrow and Chinese extermination by dropping dynamite into Chinatown Provided social and cultural interaction for rural Americans It was originally called Patrons of Husbandry It grew rapidly in the South and Midwest This group began to look at railroad companies as the problem Wanted to appeal to working people In support of gradual income tax 8 hr workday immigration restrictions and opposed people who beat up people who were on strikes Started by rural people Supported women s suffrage Started coining silver Led to increased inflation and increased crop prices which got farmers out of debt Took railroads and banks out of farming Federal government sold crops Mary Elizabeth Lease Populist orator Raise less corn more hell Worked in support of Irish independence and woman suffrage The Subtreasury Plan Coxey s Army Published a book Said Wall Street owns the country Group of unemployed workers marched on Washington for benefits Coxey was arrested They were turned away Immigration Restriction League Progressive Movement Nativist group who wanted to restrict immigration to certain groups they deemed desirable Formed in 1894 Because of them congress passed a bill in 1897 requiring a literacy test for immigrants Achieved many Populist goals Progressives are more urban than populist These people were interested in much reform in cities They were middle class women businessmen middle class professionals all who feared Big Business take over In the Progressive movement 1 Women won right to vote More rights for workers They limited freedom of the poor and 2 Population grew in US and more small communities grew into cities Introduced secret ballot The idea of freedom was the ability to purchase new technology name brand clothes etc Led to free time amusement parks theaters etc immigrants Margaret Sanger Nurse that fought for birth control Major contributor to Eugenics movement U S banned discussion of sex birth control Nickelodeons Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882 Nickelodeons radically altered the mode of representation that corresponded with changes in the Arrested at least 40 times It costs 5 cents to watch these short films Term was concocted from nickel the name of the U S five cent coin and the ancient Greek word odeion a roofed over theater modes of distribution and the types of films being made The first piece of legislation aimed to keep an immigrant group out of US It put a ten year limit ban on Chinese immigration into the US Any alien who in the opinion of the consular officer at the time of application for a visa or in the opinion of the Attorney General at the time of application for admission or adjustment of status is likely at any time to become a public charge is inadmissible A public charge is someone who must rely on the government to take care of them This clause in the US Codes denied immigration to U S for those aliens who might be dependent on the government Public Charge Clause Committee on Public Information Espionage and Sedition Acts Organization also known as the Creel Commission Responsible for rallying American s around the war effort through propaganda for WW1 1917 prohibited spying interfering with drafts and making statements against the military This act suppressed socialists who were generally antiwar Because of this act all public meetings and private conversations had to be in English and therefore many German immigrants were persecuted and deported Espionage Act imposed sentences of up to twenty years on anyone found guilty of aiding the enemy obstructing recruitment of soldiers or encouraging disloyalty claimed that it violated citizens rights to freedom of speech and freedom of the press guaranteed by the First Amendment Sedition Act Made it a crime to criticize the government or government officials Opponents World War I Know impact on ethnic minorities and black people in the United States as a result of WW1 Recent immigrants lost jobs hostility from white Americans towns changed German names Blacks Accelerated great migration An immigrant from Syria in 1909 Costa George Najour Peddling Sacco and Vanzetti Syrians worked hard to be seen as white they had economic success and were Christian The law saw them as white but American s didn t Went to court to gain citizenship Court ruled in his favor and Syrians were legally seen as white Silk Silk was an Economic
View Full Document
Unlocking...