AMH2097 Final Study Guide Lecture Germans German Unification No such thing as Germany or a German Formed city states and unified in 1871 Pennsylvania Dutch Formative wave of Germans that were Protestants leaving for religious freedom Settled in NY and moved to Pennsylvania Means German not Dutch White Anglo Saxon easily assimilate Stereotyped as hardworking Lutheran Protestant Revolutions of 1848 political push factor upper class series of civil wars in Germany while moving toward unification AKA March Revolution Civil wars in Germany end with the death of many royal families as other royal families battle to take over land Conscription Laws political push factor upper class Creation of draft laws makes the wealthy want to leave to avoid them German Industrial Revolution happens in Germany first economic push factor middle class textile industry boomed and there was an increased demand for employees turns craftsmen into unskilled factory workers get paid too little Potato Blight economic push factor lower class anyone who sells potatoes is out of the job Gottfried Duden 1829 writes a series of travel logs to enhance America in particular talks about the Midwest German Triangle Where upper middle class Germans located Cincinnati Milwaukee St Louis one of largest ethnic enclaves ever Lower East Side NYC ethnic enclave where lower class Germans located Beer and Pianos upper middle Germans brought good beer to America beer master brews tastes the beer middle class makes the beer upper class grows the crop to make the beer Germans also make good pianos which are the center of the entertainment industry at this time Steinway Pianos Social Clubs usually lower Were many and varied by Germans religion job place of origin Would meet up in bars helped keep up cuture Parochial Schools all groups religious based schools set up to maintain culture German Newspapers Contained news about Germany allowing Germans to feel connected to their homeland and not letting them assimilate written in German and there are many different German languages Model Immigrants definition 1900 Tell all immigrants that they should be just like the Germans but Germans come in large s and not assimilating World War I Germany vs Britain war stalemated so both persuade to get U S to fight Britain lies to U S about Germany to get them on their side propaganda Propaganda Yellow Journalism journalism in newspapers that are legitimate New york times printing lies about Germans Germans are being displayed as black apes baby killers So America sways towards Britain and helps them win war Pumped Up Patriotism US reaction everything you see is someone standing in front of a waving flag pride used against Germans halt German purchases Hyper Assimilation German American reaction quickly assimilate by changing name putting kids in public schools etc Germans try to prove they are Americans first then Germans World War II Hitler Nazi Germany Germans in America realize that Hitler is bad and they try to get US to take action German Americans join the army and fight against Germany to single out Hitler not Germany itself The Alien Registration Act of 1940 300 000 Germans have to register under this act must have an Alien Enemy registration card made it illegal for anyone to advocate the overthrowing of the gov t Internment 11 000 Germans German Americans jailed during WWII Lecture Jewish Americans Jerusalem Israel capitol and religious center Jews homeland promised land Main temple located here Romans control it but allow Jews to live here under their laws Jewish Diaspora 70 AD Romans attack temple then expel the Jews forced migration All Jews lived in this place so because of the expulsion they all spread This is the reason why Jews come from every country in the world Are always a minority disliked Anti Semitism Anti Jewish hatred of Jews by Christians Have long history of this thousands of years Stereotype of Killers of Christ Christians believe this because Jews told the Romans to arrest and crucify Jesus Smite believe God is punishing them for letting Jews live amongst them Ex Black Plague 1 3 of people but not Jews because they bathe and wash regularly Also Great Depression Torah history of the Jewish people word of God Talmud scholarly book written by Rabbis to interpret the Torah Tells how to live life and follow God Kosher Jewish dietary law Particular way of killing animals eating certain parts of animals and who you eat it with Separate certain foods meat and dairy Synagogue Jewish house of prayer Very different from churches Men and women were often segregated Sabbath Day Sunday for Christians Begins sundown Friday ends sundown Saturday for Jews Creates problems with work schedule Usury Interest off a loan Christian church is against this Collecting interest off of suffering Stereotype Taking Over the World Jews make a lot of money in banking finance jobs because of usury Christians view Jews as making money from their suffering Stereotypes carry to US hundreds of years later German Jews first wave 300 000 like other Germans same reasons for immigrating want religious freedom Bankers popular job for Jews settled in cities Peddlers settled in Midwest Traveling salesmen that sold goods to other Germans for very good prices Once they make enough money can make a store and even a string of them Levi Strauss Sears Roebuck Macy s successful peddlers Jeans first mail order catalog first department store Reform Judaism began in Germany in 1800s Modernization and assimilation into dominant culture Dress speak and eat like everyone else Even change Sabbath Day to Sunday Ashkenazic Jews second wave from southern eastern Europe and Russia Very orthodox Orthodox Judaism follow the Torah Talmud much more strictly and traditionally Makes them much more noticeable and assimilating very difficult Russification Russify Russia is trying to expand and take control of everything with forced assimilation doesn t work very well Force young boys into Russian army and Russian officials rape young girls so they will have Russian babies Pogroms 1871 1906 state sponsored population elimination If you don t leave you will die Jewish Pull Factors to America Industrial Revolution in America need for unskilled workers US is only nation willing to accept Jews Lower East Side Jewish ethnic enclave Don t have money so can t go very far and need to live near each other due to Orthodox practices Yiddish slang language Jews use to speak to each other WASPs
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