RACE AND ETHNICITY Race Category of human beings based upon distinctive physical 01 13 2014 characteristics such as o Skin color o Hair type o Facial feature Race is constructed built taught History of race Immanuel Kaunt Gernmany 1770 s biological differences o term is relatively new Johann Bluenbach Germany 1795 o first to use the word Caucasian o first to develop racial hierarchy o first person to use the term race in the modern sense of Racial hierarchy classification or stratification of certain groups based on physical characteristics group who makes hierarchy is on top the more different you are from the top group the lower your rank LT s racial hierarchy Racialization Dominant white group labels certain groups as subordinate because of physical characteristics o Dominant majority with greatest power o Subordinate singled out treated unequally Ideological racism idea in someone s head the elites of the dominant white group constructed other groups as being inferior in order to segregate and oppress o in the US white on top black on bottom new groups Irish Chinese Mexican whites determine where they fit in hierarchy Ethnicity How is ethnicity different from race o A group distinguished primarily on a basis of cultural characteristics Language Food Clothing Religion History Culture Ex Nationality Prejudice o HINT you family origins or where your ancestors came from o You can most definitely have more than one the shared values understandings symbols and practices of a group of people o Cuban grandparent wouldn t want their child grandchild to bring home a gringa Country of which you hold citizenship hasty judgment because one belongs to a particular group false generalization Stereotype Individual racism Ex an overgeneralization associated with a racial or ethnic category that goes beyond existing evidence racially hostile acts of an individuals or group directed o Chi Omega Penn State Halloween Institutionalized practices that negatively affect members of a subordinate racial group Discrimination Actions carried out by members of a dominant group that have harmful effect on members of the subordinate group We serve white s only no Spanish or Mexicans We cant the tenants in our white community o Ex Signs How t deal with racism Accommodate o Do not resist accepts their place as a subordinate group o It is what it is Assimilation Acculturation o Conform oneself absorb or take on the mainstream culture o Changing yourself to fit in o Keep ones own culture mainly in home but also adapts to new cultures when necessary for job school survival etc Is racism taught Doll study o See which color doll kids would prefer to have 4 types of migration 1 voluntary choose to leave 2 involuntary being pushed out of country because of bad things majority 3 forced 4 refugee largest group African American slave trade pressured to leave smaller number more success you have 4 factors of success 1 money 2 location 3 numbers 4 stereotypes 4 waves of migration 1 formative wave 1607 1820 2 first wave 1820 1880 3 second wave 1880 1921 4 third wave 1965 present ENGISH AMERICANS The WASPS 01 13 2014 WTF is a WASP White race Anglo Saxon origin of the term is from Germanic Tribes ethnicity Protestant religion The basics Voluntary migrants Formative wave came as early as 1607 but most came during the 1700s Drove Native Americans off their land 4 major settlements o Virginia Chesapeake Virginia Company Joint Stock Company Investment like Settled in 1607 Mostly young single men sausage fest Economic goals Obtain raw materials Overseas trading post market First slaves brought by 1619 Indentured servants Sign contract saying they will work for a certain time and once time is up they will own a part of land of the person they were working for o Massachusetts New England Massachusetts Bay Company Settled in 1620 Religious freedom Puritans Small town Community Family o Pennsylvania Quakers Group of WASPS Pacifists Very conservative Don t believe in guns violence Religious toleration Settled in 1675 Society based on work ethic o Backcountry Scottish or Scot Irish Came in 1700s Settled in Appalachian Mountain Region Unique culture Alcohol Rugged lifestyle Animal skin clothing Exploring The Hierarchy Begins Dominant English Americans WASPs Subordinate Native Americans and African Slaves With this control WASPs instituted their own structure over society which is still present in American today o 5 major institutions 1 language English 2 religion majority of Americans practice denominations of it is ones duty to work hard in Protestantism protest work ethic order to please God 3 education private schools created by and for WASPs public schools created by WASPs for immigrations to learn Anglo protestant values 4 government federal government power shared by an executive and legislative branch judicial system foundation is English common law 5 economic capitalism free market economy industrialization o Nativism immigrants who are seen as a threat the protection of native born inhabitants from new English Americans 19th century Westward expansion Civil war Industrialization o WASPs business owners o Everyone else laborers English Americans today Intermarriage 8 7 of the US population annual salary and college education at higher rates than the nations average racial and ethnic superiority over power and resources famous English Americans Marilynn Monroe Brad Pitt Michael Phillips Clint Eastwood AFRICANS AND AFRICAN AMERICANS 01 13 2014 Origins Slavery in both Europe and Africa European powers in the New World Slavery developed as a racially based economic system labor force o Solely based on what you look like Transatlantic slave trade West African to Americans o Slaves labor force Americans to Europe o Raw materials Europe to west Africa o Finished goods Forced migration 5 major steps o 1 march to the coast Europeans set up forts on west African coast Move into African interior to capture Africans Krumen Africans who aided in capture and transport Conditions Shackles Resistance 25 loss o 2 slave fort wait for ships 2 types of holding pens barracoon o conditions exposure dehydration food distribution slave dungeons o conditions no air no sunlight sanitation food distribution 12 5 million o 3 Middle passage canoes transport to large sips packing tight or loose conditions awful disease dysentery bacteria in your system fromcontaminated food and water starvation death sharks atrophy bodies thrown overboard followed ships
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