Progressive World 1880 1924 04 25 2015 The Progressive World Who What When The Second Wave Groups New vs Old Irish Dutch German immigrants numbers 2nd wave 23 million immigrants Golden Age diverse 1880 1900 Gilded Age thin veneer of gold covering lesser substance wealth covers up social Industrial Revolution produces more wealth problems Progressive Era o Factories are unsafe and unregulated crowded unsanitary living small number of men controlling countries wealth and politics Progressives tried to fight worst problems of gilded age Theodore Roosevelt and Woodrow Wilson Progressives are the professionals lawyers doctors teachers newspaper editors They oppose the monopolistic companies urban bosses and political machines Represent the people middle class WASPs Use advice of experts then power of government to fix problems o Ex Deforestation talk to forest expert make national parks forests saw 2nd wave immigrants as the root of the problem in Gilded Age o consult with scientific experts and pass laws o experts may not be experts and it is racially based Scientific Racism using science to support or justify racist beliefs Craniology measurement s of skull to determine one s character and intelligence Bad science took what they assumed to be true and found evidence Germ Theory miasma thought that filth and trash generated disease and fumes transmitted it Sound science poorly applied immigrants seen as germs Political cartoons immigrants body disease and death when entering America o Ex Trachoma being in same area gives you eye disease Splurge when toilet water splashes u thought it gave STD s IQ test Binet French try to figure out who s struggling problem different types of intelligence intelligence can be affects by environment label people as idiot imbecile moron Ellis Island processed over 12 million immigrants lgrest processing station 5000 day Step 1 traveling IQ test o 1st class polite to you quick not looking for things wrong o steerage walk up steps to see if they have back problems or breathing write on clothes with chalk stripped checked for sores eyesores o Godard adapted test underfed exhausted immigrants 80 minds of 5 yr old o Eugenics attempts to improve genetic stock of a country personality and intelligence was inherited o Positive eugenics encourage smart white ppl to have more kids o Negative eugenics reduce reproduction of ppl with undesired traits sterilization Buch vs Bell sterilized against her will 3 generations of imbeciles is enough Extinction Thesis white southerners compare black health statisitcs from 2 periods want to find out why they were better off in slavery than freedom o Overall population boomed between 1880 1900 due to white European immigrants concluded black going extinct Laws During Progressive Era Immigrant Act of 1903 targeted anarchists Literary tests as part of Jim Crow South have to pass to participate in American life Immigration Act of 1917 o Literacy test to enter a country banned men and women who were 3 D s dependent delinquent defective 1919 Prohibition added to US constitution 18th amendment 1921 and 1924 Quota Act 1921 Quota for how many individuals of a particular immigrant group can enter annually o 3 of groups population as of 1910 census 1924 Harsher 2 groups population as of 1880 census banned all Asian immigrants did not apply to immigrants from western hemisphere Immigration from Italy No such thing as the country of Italy North vs South divide by food language culture Italian kingdoms 1871 unification Immigration from northern Italy 1600s 1850 Other Italians create stereotypes against this group The North Milan Venice greatest trading nation Florence Stereotypes skilled educated cosmopolitan of this world melting pot of different people and cultures can fit in everywhere diverse and advanced light skinned protestant Money voluntary migration no push factors just decide to immigrate whole family Italian Immigrants to America Northern Italians Wave formative 1600 s 1850 Why they left Came for skilled and educated individuals Money come with it Numbers 26 000 250 year period Location o Land and opportunity some don t have ability to own land we have the need o California wine controlled by Spain grow wine located away from WASP s o Florida citrus brought oranges here also controlled by Spain o New York restaurants and grocery store owners serve Italian food bring over tomato o Basically assimilated o Could have set stereotypes for other Italians but they had Americans understand the differences between North and South mafia dark people uneducated basically retarded Immigration from Southern Italy 1880 1920 The South Mezzogiorno Naples and Sicily Preconceived Stereotypes Stupid Inferior Race o Illiterate 85 peasant farmers unskilled school is outlawed o Mongreal dog mutt Race Dark description on passports Backward no culture scientific racism Violent o Vendetta and Mafia Southern Italians Life in Italy La Familia only institution for the Southern Italians Trust no One if you re family tells you something that goes against law you don t care Honor male who has the most power younger o Males are the external sphere Vendetta argument between two major families can be solved with a public apology Myth he goes out and kills everyone in the other person s family If they are enemies in Sicily they are enemies in America o Females are protected and do not leave home When a woman is given to another family she must be a virgin When daughter marries they are linked with blood 13 when they get married When a family links two people together it is the showing of the sheets needs to be blood on them in order for families to be linked o Campanilismo loyalty to those who live within the sound of the village church bells you have their back The Church Roman Catholic Church outsider Non institutional never in the church constant reminder that these people are their boss and that they are very poor o Trust no one o Virgin Mary Saints sometimes related to saints Rosary prayer beads o Shrine in your home o Magic praying to Saints and Virgin Mary because they are trying to cover all of their bases when god is busy seen as evil by others will have problems with other Catholics in US Irish Catholicism is Push Pull very different Why they left o Unification don t believe in government causes wars overpopulation natural disasters ruins soil disease taxes tithes Tax things like how many rocks you have around your house Church tithe was a requirement
View Full Document
Unlocking...