RACE AND ETHNICITY Four Factors of Success What determines an immigrants groups acceptance into American society as a whole Money o Opens up America to the immigrant groups o If you have money your not confined to living in the cities can move elsewhere and find other jobs o Better education o Better opportunity to succeed in life o Irish do not have money no freedom of movement o Germans have money o Most important of all factors of success Numbers o How many people come over during a certain migration o Can cause a negative reaction Irish coming to America o The smaller the numbers coming over at the same time the greater success and immigrant group has in assimilating o Voting positive thing numbers used for Location o Ex When the Irish live in NYC the number of jobs available to Irish causes problems o Being able to move away from the city new farmland o Germans controlled St Louis Stereotypes o Irish bad stereotypes baby killers blood suckers o Germans Very good stereotypes hard workers diligent honest Germany not a country until the 1870s o a collection of independent areas of maintained their own cultures and religions o very divided Dutch First Germans that moved to the Americas are the Pennsylvania o Very good example of colonial Germans o Called because Americans couldn t pronounce deutsch o Any Englishmen called everyone of Germanic character Dutch o Push Factors to war Germany extremely rotten place to live in 1600s Germany became a battle ground anytime Europe went Always protestants vs Catholics Most devastating of these wars 30 years war Lasted 29 years 1619 1648 German lands were devastated by this war Around 35 people died b c of war Areas in Germany where on 10 people survived English had a open door policy allowing any German protestants into Germany and Holland Bubonic Plague hit Germany in late years Weather caused crops to fail cold o Pull Factors America had a terrific image by the late 1800s anyone could own property America was seen as a place where there was never any famine there were no wars in America There were always crops that could be harvested Negative America has small pox and yellow fever William Penn goes to Germany in 1680s advertising Pennsylvania spreading news on how great America is entices Germans to go to Pennsylvania Religious freedom no worries no conflict 1683 First Germans arrive in Pennsylvania 45 000 Germans English don t have a problem with Germans because they are Caucasian and have money Love them so much they go get King George I from Germany Welcomed Germans into America By 1776 Germans have around 300 00 German Americans in Pennsylvania Typical Penn Dutch family Extremely religious Well educated farmers Have pride in German heritage Brought architecture with them based on the ones they left in Germany Build large barns Often decorate barns with symbols to ward off evil spirits Extremely tidy Use produce they grow self sufficient Have a lot of family Children put to work as soon as they can work and talk o Small chores then milk cows Race and Ethnicity 19th Century Germans First Wave of Immigration 6 Million Lower Class Potato Blight and Depressed Grain Market Major Cities Proto Industrial Cities Tenements Fought with Irish Middle Class Proto Factories in Germany Political and Religious turmoil Largest number came from this class Moved to America to try and re start their operations Upper Class Europe Revolution of 1848 o Germans wanted to create a German country but failed Leaders of revolution fled to America Became 48ers Well educated Democratic Revolutionaries German Triangle between the cities of Cincinnati Milwaukee and Location Primarily settled in Mid West Settlement based on their religion Ethnic Enclaves St Louis reject assimilation promote German culture and heritage German American Culture Kirchendeutschen o Societies that were started by protestant churches Promoted German dances and music Put on by churches Parochial Schools o Within the churches o Promotes German culture and heritage Vereinsdeutschen promotes German culture o Secular activities singing sports o Literary societies o Not based around the church German Language Newspapers o Not only had news about America but also news from back in Germany To keep people connected to their homeland Politics and promoted German culture and Eventually become German Americans heritage Germans who were born in America began to separate themselves from their old ways People began to intermarry Moved into the Mid West o Getting away from the tight knit structure o Began to adopt different ways Model Immigrants Race o White protestant o Fit in with the WASPS o accepted Money o German Immigrants has money o WASPS love money therefore accepted o Able to move away from the cities to rural areas Location Numbers o Germans arriving at the same pace as the Irish Able to spread out more because they have money Stereotypes o All seen as hardworking industrious Positive Germans fit in every category Don t assimilate till the late 1800s After German Unification relations between America and Germany continually improves German Day World War I 1900 German Americans total American Population Germany Austro Hungary and Ottoman Empire VS Britain France and Russia World War I Public Opinion Divided into 2 groups President Woodrow Wilson Unrestricted submarine warfare and the Zimmerman Telegraph The hyphenates Race and Ethnicity Chinese Jobs o No Go on Gold yellow price o Miners gold silver coal Railroad Workers o Domestic Work Feminine Jobs o Migrant Jobs o Fishing o Dream of Golden Mountain shattered but still able to find jobs Chinese Immigrants Practiced return migration o Come over as singles usually men Need to make money return to Chinese and care for family Women were kept close to the family Women who came were prostitutes Clans in America led by rich business men Acted as proxy fathers to young Chinese immigrants Clans provided shelter for new immigrants Also provided medical care Clan decided where you settle in America Clans six companies 6 companies in America made up of different clans Founded in San Francisco o Operated in china town o Send representatives to docks every time a ship from china arrived a pull the clans and bring them to company head quarters o Six companies provided law and order in China Town Provided all problems within the Chinese community Negotiated a non violent treaty to keep the clan warfare Would have dead bodies embalmed and sent back to out of
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