Hispanic Spaniards are not hispanic Region they are from Mexico Central South America Caribbean Spanish In uence Mixture of 3 cultures Spanish Indigenous African Religion catholic Language spanish 77 of Latins who live in the US are mexican 5 of Latins in this country are from central america 2 from south america 16 from other spanish regions 21 7 mill mexicans in US Mexicans The Borderlands 1st Movement single men go to mexico to intermingle Spanish colonizes Mexico in 1521 Ethnic Hierarchy white mestizo child of male spain white and female mexican mulatto Spaniard white who had sex with a black person mexicans blacks they are never given the same rights as their spanish father So the mestizos move out to the Borderlands They have no intentions to move back to the Mexican lands First movement of mexican people who come to the United States Texas Arizona New Mexico California Americans encounter resistance from Mexicans that live there American Expansion they want to expand west Mexican American War 1846 1848 mexicans ask for help the americans ask for help from president The Americans say they were attacked and move further into the borderlands Abe Lincoln call bull The war was all about land expansion for americans 1 2 3 80 000 mexicans become U S citizens over night Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo U S won the war We will give Mexico 15 mill for the land If you take the land you have to take the mexicans that live there Spain Mexicans in America Land Labor any land owned will be taken over by Americans Any contracts they had will be unrecognized by Americans They will now work for the land instead of own it 2nd Movement 1900 s Spain decides to withdraw from Mexico Por rio Diaz the last spanish dictator president of mexico from 1876 1911 He was terrible corrupt Used thugs gangs Upset they didn t have citizenship in their own country Peons laborers They are not paid Forced to work We will give you some food or won t kill you today Industrialization of Mexico Por rio forces it fast Willing to have people work to death and starve to death in order to industrialize faster Creates ties with the U S do you want to invest in Mexico people will work for nothing you will be rich Businesses take him up on this offer By 1910 american industry owns about 45 of the land in Mexico 1 5 million mexicans immigrate to the U S to get away from Por rio Pull factors Migrant farm work Goal was to make money and move back and forth Bracero Program 1942 1964 Guest worker program Guest workers visa every year 50 000 mexicans are allowed to come into the United States and work Work visas are hard to obtain People take buses to the border and pick up mexicans to work It s a resounding success brings 4 5 million laborers to the United States It ran for about 22 years Responses to Illegal Immigration Dwight D Eisenhower Operation Wetback 1954 an of cial act in order to deal with immigration He knew americans were fearful of their jobs and passed the law to deal with it He said they d get people into vans drive around collect mexican working people and bring them back to mexico Problem people come right back and they may deport people who actually belong in the United States Jimmy Carter 20 000 extra visas a year to be distributed to Mexicans Carter thought that since they had more opportunities to come in legally they would stop coming Wrong Ronald Reagan Reform and Control Act plan was unsuccessful Immigration Act of 1990 3 exceptions to new law family visa mexicans most bene ted from this one job visa if our business really need you diversity visa if you come from somewhere where not a lot of people in our country come from Mexican Americans Today Myth of the illegal immigrant persists myth that all mexicans are illegal Religion most catholics are still catholics but are unconstitutional Not assimilated close to home country they can move back and forth About the least assimilated group that we ve discussed Money poorest group Education don t generally have a lot of education From the movie they make about 12 a day in Mexico
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