Cahokia Anasazi Kinship Cherokee AMH 2097 Exam 1 Terms and Definitions Mississippian Native American Group that lived in a large geographic area Their predecessors were known as mound builders Mounds are burials for the dead Some obsidian from Wisconsin seashells from Florida and mica from Tennessee were found in the mounds indicated extensive trade Their main city Cahokia was enclosed by a fence There were distinct classes in society The Mississippian tribes main city Located in St Illinois Centered around a monk s mound Largest and most influential settlement in the Mississippian culture Aka the Pueblo Indians Lived in settled communities in New Mexico By the 1200 s they were trading extensively and had reached the height of their power Best known for their towns in valleys and canyons Ex Chaco Canyon They built paved roads for trade and religious purposes Developed an irrigation system to save crops from drought A sharing of characteristic origin or blood Native Americans viewed kinship and generosity highly Matrilineal and matrilocal societies In order to know your place in the world you had to look at your heritage through kinship A tribe whose terroritory was located in Georgie They were forced into signing multiple treaties in which they would give up their land Became civilized and learnt the ways of the political system in order to defend their land Andrew Jackson disregarded the supreme courts ruling The Cherokee were pushed out and forced to migrate west of the Mississippi Trail of Tears John Ridge 1830 Indian Removal Act 1832 Worcester v Georgia the Cherokee won the right to stay Ethnic cleansing and forced relocation of the Cherokee west of the Mississippi Treaty of New Echota Ridge signed the removal treaty 2 years later they were forced to move and many died in the cold harsh winter while traveling Cotton gin and the gold rush were main factors of removal Created a plantation on his native Cherokee land and assimilated to the English ways He took John Ross under his wing and helped him fight for Cherokee rights Was impeached from the Cherokee council by John Ross because Ridge had given up and wanted to give into the hard truth that they would have to relocate In secret he signed away Cherokee land for 5 000 000 He was considered a traitor He moved west with the first group of Cherokee He was murdered for signing away the land without permission John Ross Son of a Scottsman and a member of the Cherokee Bird Clan Was taken under the wing of John Ridge and negotiated a deal to not have to give up more land Cherokee borders Became trusted by the Cherokee people Created a constitution with democracy from them and declared sovereignty within the Became principal chief and rewrote the blood law that stated no one could sell land without the communities permission He fought removal with the supreme court He stayed behind of the treaty was signed and got a petition from the tribe to reverse it But he never got to present it to congress He was chief for 40 years and traveled with his people when they were forced west Jamestown 1st permanent colony Established in Virginia in 1607 Financed by the Virginia company with the hopes of finding gold Mosquitos that carried malaria led to a high death rate Colonists relied on food from England Indentured servitude began Femme Sole by owning land A legal status in which women specifically widowers could temporarily raise their status This could only happen until they remarried or their sons came of age There were very few women in the colonies at this time Average marriage was 8 years until the husband dies Tobacco Maryland John Ralph experimented with it and overtime it became like gold It had medicinal benefits Virginia s cash crop economic engine Plantations developed solely to cultivate the crop Led to a highly stratified society Labor was desperately needed Helped fuel the tobacco industry Sister colony to Jamestown Established by Cecilius Calvert a Catholic who had received a charter to start the colony Offered religious freedom to both Catholics and protestants Government authorities were catholic Population was protestant Strife over how much power Cecilius held Gradual Emancipation These laws called for a phasing out of slavery slowly over time In 1780 Pennsylvania was the first state to enact this New York and New Jersey didn t follow until the 1800 s In the North African Americans began applying concepts of liberty to themselves Phillis Wheatley Bostonian slave that was allowed to read English and Latin Published profound poetry at the age of 13 Went to trial in England to prove that she was the author Mostly wrote eulogies Was the 1st African American poet Was the 1st woman to comment on politics Harriot Jacobs Upon going through puberty her master Mr Flint started raping her She was viewed as his property His mistress was jealous of all the slaves who were raped by him Her innocence was taken away her uncle built a trapdoor to hide her and she eventually escaped She deemed slavery a demon that made all of society sick She found the North to have prejudices as well Accounts like hers the slave narrative fueled the abolitionist movement She offered the woman s perspective to slavery Richard Allen Established the 1st all black Methodist church in Philadelphia Later established the African Methodist Apiscolan Church Began charity projects through the Free African Society of America Formed because churches started discriminating against Blacks Joined the 1st all Black Methodist Church Jarena Lee She had visions of preaching Asked Richard Allen if she could preach but he only let her lead prayer meetings She captures the congregation and would travel 2000 miles a year to preach She changed views and prejudices of many people She became an inspiration to women She was an example of a church leader Internal Slave Trade In 1808 the U S banned the slave trade from Africa Americans in the North began selling their slaves south Cotton Gin required more labor Families were separated Sharecropping Began as a compromise for land and labor because no one had money Blacks and some whites rented land and then farmed it At the end of the season they split the crop with the owner of the land Over time cotton prices dropped and made sharecropping and oppressive cycle and led to debt Black Codes Restrictions and limitations to Black s rights Defined marriage laws property laws limited access to the court system etc Prior to Radical
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