Romantic Relationships 1 What is the need to belong book pg 393 394 A motivation to bond with others in relationships that provide ongoing positive interactions 419 2 What are the 3 factors discussed in class that lead to attraction lecture and book pg Proximity someone who is physically close by Attractiveness we perceive that they offer desirable traits Similarity we feel rewarded because we presume they like us in return 3 What did the police trainee study demonstrate about propinquity i e nearness or proximity lecture Propinquity means the physical closeness you are to someone or something else In the study at the police school the people who had more propinquity were more likely to be friends at the end of the 6 week period versus people who were seated on the opposite side of the room from each other 4 What is the mere exposure effect Does is lead to liking or disliking lecture and book pg 399 402 Mere exposure effect the tendency for novel stimuli to be liked more or rated more positively after the rater has been repeatedly exposed to them This leads to people liking what they have more exposure to better than things they have not been exposed to at all Mere exposure effect deals with how exposure to things or people over time can slowly increase our liking towards that particular thing or person o This is the case when the initial feeling of the thing or person is positive o When the initial feeling is negative it can lead to more negative thoughts and disliking of the person or thing 5 What were the methods and results of the study we discussed demonstrating mere exposure effects with attitudes toward people lecture The police exposure study with propinquity is a model of the mere exposure effect Results the students who were more closely seated together which means their names IV police trainees were seated alphabetically in the classroom DV who became friends after the 6 week period were closer to each other in the alphabet were more likely to be friends after the 6 week period because they were physically closer to each other all the time 6 How does similarity relate to attraction finding a partner lecture and book pg The more similar we find or assume we are to other people the more likely we are going 412 to like them and be attracted to them Likeness leads to liking effect 7 How does dissimilarity breed disliking book pg 413 We have a bias the false consensus bias toward assuming that others often share our attitudes disliking o Getting to know someone and noticing they are dissimilar tends to increase o Dissimilar attitudes depress liking more than similar attitudes enhance it 8 What is the reward theory of attraction book pg 418 The theory that we like those whose behavior is rewarding to us or whom we associate with rewarding events o Example if a relationship continues to give us more rewards than costs we want it to continue if costs outweigh rewards we don t want it to continue 9 What is the matching hypothesis phenomenon lecture and book pg 405 406 Matching hypothesis phenomenon is the tendency for men and women to choose as partners those who are a good match in attractiveness and other traits 10 What factors make people both men and women more attractive what do we tend to find attractive in others lecture and book pg 408 411 Attractiveness influences life outcomes less in cultures where relationships are based more on kinship or social arrangement than on personal choice To be really attractive is to be perfectly average across 27 nations an average leg length to body ratio looks more attractive We find symmetry very attractive Women tend to favor male traits that signify an ability to provide and protect resources 11 What physical features make women specifically attractive lecture Attractiveness Waist to hip ratio Youth 12 What physical features make men specifically attractive lecture Masculinity o Square jaw o Prominent chin o Heavier eyebrows o Thinner lips 13 What is the physical attractiveness stereotype book pg 406 408 The presumption that physically attractive people posses other socially desirable traits as well what is beautiful is good Attractiveness most affects first impression 14 What do men tend to value in a mate and what do women value in a mate lecture Men put somewhat more value on opposite sex physical attractiveness but so do women People display a positive bias toward attractive job candidates and university applicants and book pg 403 404 if they are of the opposite sex 15 Who is more likely to engage in casual sex Why What were the method and findings of the FSU casual sex study Clark Hatfield 1989 lecture Men at FSU are more likely to engage in casual sex while women are least likely to agree to casual sex on a date roughly 60 Women and Men both had relatively the same results when asked if they wanted to go out When the men and women were asked about going back to an apartment the women who said yes decreased dramatically while the men increased The same thing occurs when they ask about sex less than 20 of women agree while over 80 of men agree 16 What are the 3 components of love and what do they represent How does Sternberg depict different types of love through these 3 components What happens over time book pg 420 3 components of love o Intimacy o Passion o Commitment Consummate love has to have all three components where companionate love and romantic love only include two of the three He uses a triangle to depict the kinds of love there are and what their components are but consummate love is in the middle Over time proximity attractiveness and similarities play into our relationship while if the relationship only has passion and intimacy it only reaches romantic love which probably will not last a lifetime o Intimacy and commitment results in companionate love which is more successful o The most successful long term relationships consist of all 6 factors 3 from at becoming a long term love attraction and 3 from love 17 What is the difference between passionate love and companionate love book pg Passionate love a state of intense longing for union with another Passionate lovers are absorbed in each other feel ecstatic at attaining their partners love and disconsolate on losing it Companionate love the affection we feel for those with whom our lives are deeply 18 What are the 2 ways of assessing the functioning of close relationships lecture Two ways of assessing the functioning of close relationships are 421 423
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