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SOP 3004 FINAL EXAM STUDY GUIDE Learning Objectives for Chapter 1 BE ABLE TO APPLY ALL OF THESE CONCEPTS TO YOUR LIFE Introduction to Social Psychology 1 How does social psychology study human behavior thoughts and feelings Correlational Research and Experimental Research Correlational Research study of naturally occurring relationships among variables understand how variable are associated with one another Experimental Research Studies that seek clues to cause effect relationships by manipulating one or more factors independent variables while controlling others holding them constant two parts to it Control and Random Assignment Control The independent variable is the only thing that you want to be different between the two groups Dependent variable the variable being measured so called because it may depend on manipulation of the independent variable Random Assignment the process of assigning participants to the conditions of an experiment such that all persons have the same chance of being in a given condition Everyone has equal chance of being put into the group the experimenter is looking at We want our sample to match the general population as closely as possible It studies human behavior by focusing on individuals and experimentation It focuses less on individuals differences and more on how individuals in general view and affect one another Uses the ABC triad o Affect how people feel Ex feeling anger o Behavior what people do Ex Driving aggressively o Cognition what people think Ex thinking that others are out to get you Why is it difficult to define social psychology 2 How does social psychology relate to sociology and other areas of psychology Social psych is often confused with personality psychology and sociology but social psyc uses the scientific method and the empirical study of social phenomena Social psych is interested in the impact that the social environment and group interactions have on attitudes and behaviors of individuals in a group setting whereas sociology is interested how a group interacts in a social environment at a broad level While personality psychology focuses on individual traits characteristics and thoughts social psychology is focused on situations It relates to sociology because sociology is the study of people in groups and societies while social psychology focuses more on individuals and does more experimentation Compared with personality psychology social psychology focuses less on individuals differences and more on how individuals in general view and affect one another 3 Which field is most closely related to social psychology and often studied in unison Personality psychology and sociology 4 What does social psychology focus on Social Psychology focuses on how people think about influence and relate to one another broadly interpreted it s how people think feel and act 5 How did behaviorism and Freudian psychoanalysis contribute to the field of social 6 What important 20th century event stimulated interest in social psychology and why psychology did it do so World War II 7 What are some of the most important common themes of social psychology what do they mean and why are they important How we construe our social worlds how we construe the world and ourselves matter How our social intuitions guide and sometimes deceive us our intuitions and unconscious information processing are routinely powerful and sometimes perilous How our social behavior is shaped by other people by our attitudes and personalities and by our biology Our attitudes and behavior are shaped by external social forces attitudes and personality influence behavior we are bio psycho social organisms how social psychology s principles apply to our everyday lives and to various other fields of study social psych is all about life your life your beliefs attitudes relationships 8 What is the ABC triad and how does it apply to what social psychologists do Affect How people feel Ex Feeling anger Behavior What people do Ex Driving aggressively Cognition What people think Ex Thinking that others are out to get you Research Methods 1 How does labeling relate to bias in research and what are some examples of this 2 Why can t we just use common sense to tell us about social psychology Common sense isn t always true We tend to be biased towards certain things whether we consciously or unconsciously are or not 3 What is the hindsight bias The tendency to exaggerate after learning an outcome one s ability to have foreseen how something turned out I knew it all along phenomenon 4 What is a theory and what does your book say about the comparison between evolutionary theory and the theory of gravity People say that the Evolutionary theory is just a theory less than fact but the theory on gravity is a fact However both are theories The fact in the theory of gravity is that your keys fall to the ground when dropped Gravity is the THEORETICAL EXPLANATION that accounts for such observed facts 5 What can and can t correlational research tell us about human behavior thoughts and feelings PROS Can determine how variables are associated with one another Can allow us to predict CONS Can t determine cause and effect from correlation Cant determine whether a third variable is involved 6 What does it mean for two variables to be positively correlated with one another Negatively correlated with one another Positive correlation both variables are going in the same way Negative correlation as one variable increases the other decreases 7 What can correlation coefficients range from What does the sign mean It s values range from 1 1 the coefficient R is the degree of relationship between two factors 8 What is the 3rd variable problem with correlational research Refers to the fact that X and Y will also be statistically related when there is a third variable that affects both of them even if X does not cause Y and Y does not cause X 9 What are some of the unintended influences on survey research Unrepresentative Samples It doesn t always represent the entire population Order of Question The order of questions is important and also has to be made sure that it isn t biased Response Options there can be dramatic effects from from responses Wording of Questions the precise wording of questions may also influence answers Order response and wording can enable political manipulators to use surveys to show public support for their views Consultants advertisers and physicians can have similar disconcerting


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FSU SOP 3004 - FINAL EXAM

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CHAPTER 1

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Chapter 1

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Chapter 7

Chapter 7

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Notes

Notes

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