Social Psychology 3004 Question and Answer Format Study Guide Exam 1 1 How does social psychology study human behavior thoughts and feelings By using the scientific method as well as the ABC triad 2 What is the ABC Triad A affect B behavior C cognition 3 Why is it difficult to define social psychology Because it looks at internal and external factors and a variety of other variables to try and determine the cause of certain behaviors 4 How does social psych relate to cognitive psychology Social psych can learn more about physical processes within the brain and apply them to the external affects they are seeing 5 How does social psych relate to developmental psych Developmental psych helps look at how people change over time which largely influences behaviors that are still seen today 6 How does social psych relate to biological psychology Biological psych studies the physical processes within the brain and social psych can take the knowledge of those processes and apply them to explanations of behavior and what triggers these responses 7 What field is most closely related to social psychology and often studied in unison Personality psychology it focuses on important differences between people which includes internal processes and external processes 8 What does social psych focus on ABC Triad 9 What is social neuroscience An interdisciplinary field of study that investigates how biological systems influence social thought and behavior 10 How did behaviorism and Freudian psychoanalysis contribute to the field of social psychology Social psych is the study of both the main elements of Freudian and behaviorism Behaviorism studied the external affects of behaviors while Freudians studied the internal affects which dealt with cognition If you combine the two together you get social psychology 11 What two important historical events stimulated interest in social psych and why did it do so WWII wanted to look at how Hitler inspired so many people to do horrific things to an entire population 9 11 looked at the increase in prejudice against the Muslim American population within the United States 12 Themes in Social Psych Reality is constructed Power of the situation People have a strong desire to belong People don t like inconsistency in others or in themselves 13 How does the ABC Triad apply to social psych Affect looks at how people feel behavior looks at the physical reactions and cognition looks at what people think about themselves 14 Why can t we just use common sense to tell us all about social psychology Because human intuition is a poor method for discovering truth we judge certain things to be true but with common sense we also judge the exact opposite to be true Using science instead of common sense helps us find the actual truth 15 What is hindsight bias When looking back at research and comparing it to what we knew before we assume we knew it all along 16 What can and can t correctional research tell us about human behavior thoughts and feelings It can tell us if two things are correlated but it CANNOT tell us causation 17 What does it mean for two variables to be positively correlated with one another when one variable increases or decreases the other variable does as well 18 What does it mean for two variables to be negatively correlated when one variable increases the other decreases they move in opposite direction of each other 19 What is the range for a correlation coefficient 1 to 1 20 What does the of correlation coefficients mean means it has a positive correlation and means it has a negative correlation 21 What is considered a weak correlation coefficient 3 to 0 to 3 22 What is a moderate correlation coefficient 4 to 7 23 What is a strong correlation coefficient 8 to 1 24 An example of a correlational problem because they don t include the 3rd variable Drowning and ice cream sales both increase but don t consider the temperature outside may make people angry just the season 25 What are some of the unintended influences on survey research unrepresentative samples question order response options and question ordering 26 What is the goal and what are the features of experimental research to discern cause and effect among naturally correlated events with laboratory simulations Control random assignment ethics 27 independent variable factors that are changed by someone doing the expirement 28 What is a dependent variable the outcome from the manipulation of the independent variable 29 What is an operational definition describes what the variables are and how they are measured within the context of a study 30 Why is the operational definition important its main goal is to understand what you re controlling to better control possible external variables 31 What are two ways in which we evaluate a measure that we are using to assess a certain construct validity and reliability 32 What does it mean to have an interaction one of the factors has an effect on another 33 What is a main effect the effect of a single independent variable ignoring the effects of the other independent variable on the dependent variable 34 What is an example of a main effect people are more likely to date someone if they are kind regardless if they are smoking hot or average looking 35 What are demand characteristics any clues in a study that suggest to participants what the researcher s hypothesis is 36 What is random sampling taking samples from random people where each person in the population has an equal chance of being selected 37 What is random assignment randomly assigning using a software or flipping a coin to separate participants in groups within the study 38 What are the pros of correlational research study problems where intervention is impossible or unethical useful for prediction o efficient and can include multiple factors 39 What are the pros of experimental research you can see cause and effect relationships 40 cons of correlational research correlational data can only support some kinds of conclusions cannot support causation Third variable problem 41 Ethical principles developed by the American Psychological Association and the British Psychological Society urge psychological investigators to A avoid the use of laboratory experiments when the behaviors of interest can be directly observed in natural settings B ensure that research participants give informed consent before participating in the research C avoid the use of monetary incentives in recruiting people to participate in
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