Ch 9 Prejudice Learning Objectives What are the definitions of prejudice stereotyping and discrimination How do they differ Prejudice generalized attitude toward members of a group dislike for members of al qaeda Stereotyping generalized cognition about members of a group New Yorkers are rude always in a hurry Discrimination behaviors directed toward people on the basis of their group membership denying someone a job based on their race or gender Are stereotypes always negative Always wrong Always conscious Negative NO women are nurturing asian americans are intelligent Conscious NO Race IAT black people and guns Wrong NO Women tend to be more nurturing than man HOWEVER many stereotypes are wrong linked to negative prejudice What is the difference between traditional and modern discrimination Traditional school segregation voting rights Modern informal hiring practices social interactions more subtle just as damaging What is aversive racism How does that relate to the Frey and Gartner 1986 study and when would we expect to see aversive racism Aversive racism alternating positive and negative responses to black people Frey Gaertner examined willingness to help a partner on a scrabble task p s always white partner white or black partner deserving or undeserving helped blacks less Ex two potential employees 1 black 1 white are equally qualified for a job employer isnt racist but will hire the white person What are benevolent and hostile sexism Benevolent paternalism seeing women as virtuous fragile wonderful but weak Hostile angry responses to feminism female dominance What are the social origins of prejudice How do they help perpetuate it From book unequal social status our parents social institutions Know the 3 parts of Social Identity Theory How does SIT relate to prejudice we want to feel good about ourselves our identity partly comes from groups to which we belong seeing our group better than other groups raises self esteem strong ingroup identification strong outgroup prejudice How is categorization related to prejudice Know the line categorization study What does this tell us about how people perceive group differences think accentuation and outgroup homogeneity P s judged line lengths catagorized them when they had A or B underneath them Accentuation Effect tendency to exagerate differences between different catagories p s also underestimated within category differences Outgroup homogenity effect tendency to percieve more similarity among members of groups we dont belong to than among members of our own group sorority girls about other sororitys they all look the same What is an illusory correlation How is it related to prejudice What do they tell us about how we perceive the behavior of others illusory correlation cognitive percieving a correlation where none exist or over estimating its magnitude caused by distinctiveness false relationship between not bringing your umbrella it raining MUSLIM TERRORIST ATTACKS What is the two stage activation model Devine 1989 How do motivation and ability affect stereotype activation How do motivation and ability affect stereotype application Know the studies that show these effects Activation stereotype comes to mind Application using stereotypes What is the dual attitude approach People have implicit AND explicit attitudes toward social groups What are the differences between implicit and explicit prejudice What do they predict Explicit predicts overt bias policy attitudes controlled behavior find by surveys Implicit often more negative predict nonverbal bias split second behavior body language eye contact automatic things What are the potential implications of stereotypes that we discussed in class SHOOT DONT SHOOT Porter asked who was leader of the table all male person at the head mixed man at head mixed with woman at head of the table some other man What was Jane Elliott s brown eyes blue eyes study What did it demonstrate about discrimination Told brown eye kids they were inferior to blue eye kids discrimination can happen so fast Know the methods and results of movie study What are the implications of attributional ambiguity in discrimination 2 rooms one with a disabled person already in there when it was the same movie 58 of people sat with disabled man different movie 17 What are the effects of being the target of discrimination loss of motivation self esteem depression anger feeling stressed physical effects self fulfilling prophecy What is stereotype threat What are its implications for performance awareness of negative stereotypes of ability can impair performance in that domain you focus so hard on not being that stereotype that you end up doing worse knowing about it wipes out the entire effect What is the contact hypothesis What conditions are necessary for prejudice reduction simply exposing people to members of different groups should reduce prejudice doesnt work because you cant be forced it has to be natural What is needed in order to reduce prejudice according to Devine prejudice reduction is like breaking a bad habit people must first have the motivation to be non prejudice then develop ability to respond consistently with their beliefs What does the text say about self fulfilling prophecies and discrimination from the book Ch 10 Aggression Learning Objectives What are the 3 important features that define an act as aggressive aggression is a behavior it is intentional victim wants to avoid being harmed Be able to categorize an aggressive act as direct indirect violent verbal relational hostile instrumental and active passive direct when the person is there most physical acts punching someone indirect when the person is not there spreading a rumor hiring a hit man hostile reactive emotional reaction something happens you get angry act aggressively Instrumental proactive used to harm someone to get something THE HULK kill someone for money active doing something to harm someone passive intentionally not doing something resulting in someone getting harmed not telling someone about a meeting they get fired Explain the frustration aggression hypothesis both old and revised What does this hypothesis not predict OLD blocked goal didn t get a raise frustration anger aggression punch boss in face NEW ANY unpleasant experience neg feelings reactive aggression What is the social learning theory of aggression Know the Bobo doll study you act how you see BANDURA BOBO DOLL How does testosterone affect aggression What was the
View Full Document
Unlocking...