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Exam One Study Guide SOP3004 Spring 2015 Chapter 1 1 How does social psychology study human behavior thoughts and feelings Social Psychology a science that studies how people think about influence and relate to each other Focuses on how individuals in general view and affect one another doesn t focus on individuals differences How Social Psychologists study this by focusing on normal day to day behavior and this often includes the Person X Situation Interaction Use the scientific method and propose EMPIRICAL QUESTIONS that can be answered through observation and experimentation 2 Why is it difficult to define social psychology Because it is still relatively a young science and lies at psychology s boundary with sociology although social psych focuses more on individuals and does more experimentation Also social psych is so closely related with other fields of psychology that it makes it hard to clearly define 3 How does social psychology relate to other areas of psychology Relates to almost every field on psychology in some way Sociology Neuroscience Biology Clinical Psychology Developmental Psych and Personality Psych 4 Which field is most closely related to social psychology and often studied in unison Personality Psychology 5 What does social psychology focus on hint see figure 1 1 in the book Social Thinking How we perceive ourselves w others What we believe Judgments we make Social Psych Focuses On Social Influence Culture Social Relations Prejudice Pressures to conform 6 Persuasion Groups of ppl Aggression How do people construct their own social realities Because there is a lot that goes on Helping Attraction and Intimacy that we are unaware of automatic and non conscious vs controlled and conscious mind we as humans have an urge to explain behavior to attribute it to some cause and therefore make it seem orderly and predictable to us Self interest attribution error self concept and biases cause people to interpret reality differently Example Those with high self esteem might see themselves as causative forces in the world whereas ppl with low self esteem will see themselves as unable to change anything and being acted upon from without These two types of ppl are constructing their own separate realities despite living in the same world and being subject to similar forces and events 7 What is social neuroscience Social Neuroscience An interdisciplinary field that explores the neural bases of social and emotional processes and behaviors and how these processes and behaviors affect our brain and biology Examples How do brain mind and behavior function together as one coordinated system What does the timing of brain events reveal about how we process information 8 What are social representations and what is their function Social Representations A societies widely held ideas and values including assumptions and cultural ideologies Our social representations help us make sense of our world Examples Feminist called attention to political conservatism of some scientists who favored a biological interpretation of gender differences in social behavior Marxist critics called attention to competitive individualistic biases 9 How did behaviorism and Freudian psychoanalysis contribute to the field of social psychology Psychoanalysis A set of psychological and psychotherapeutic theories and associated techniques Freud proposed the theory of personality and emphasized the importance of the unconscious mind which was a major breakthrough in the field of psychology Behaviorism theory that human and animal behavior can be explained in terms of conditioning without appeal to thoughts or feelings and that psychological disorders are best treated by altering behavior patterns Strove to make psychology a more scientific discipline by focusing purely on observable behavior Pavlov first demonstrated this with the discovery of classical conditioning when he demonstrated that this learning process could be used to make an association between environmental and naturally occurring stimulus 10 What two important historical events stimulated interest in social psychology and why did it do so World War II and 9 11 We wanted to know why those events happened and to understand the psychological thoughts behind them 11 What are some of the most important common themes of social psychology what do they mean and why are they important Power of the Situation Situations form us and decide our possibilities Ex Breaking Bad Chem Teacher turns into drug lord after developing cancer and being concerned that he will no longer be able to provide for his family Person X Situation Interaction Biological Roots We Construct Our Reality We Have Duplex Minds that Enable Intuitions Selfish Impulse vs Social Conscience 12 What is the ABC triad and how does it apply to what social psychologists do ABC Triad Affect how ppl feel feeling anger sadness Behavior what ppl do drive aggressively eat their feelings Cognition what ppl think thinking that others are out to get you Social psychologists use this to focus on normal day to day behavior in order to have a broad understanding of how human beings think act and feel Research Methods Learning Objectives Chapter 1 1 How does labeling relate to bias in research and what are some examples of this Labeling is similar to concepts Whether we label a quiet child as bashful or cautious as holding back or as an observer this conveys a judgment We are inherently judging others based on a simple observation It is inevitable that prior beliefs and values will influence what social psychologists think and write Because of this inevitable bias we need researchers with varying biases to undertake scientific analysis 2 Why can t we just use common sense to tell us about social psychology Because one problem with common sense is that we invoke it after we know the facts Events are far more obvious and predictable in hindsight than beforehand Experiments reveal that when people learn the outcome of an experiment that outcome suddenly seems unsurprising and like they already knew it similar to hindsight bias 3 What is the hindsight bias The tendency to exaggerate after learning an outcome one s ability to have forseen how something turned out I knew it all along 4 What is a theory and what does your book say about the comparison between evolutionary theory and the theory of gravity Theory an integrated set of principles that explain and predict observed events Theories organize observations and


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FSU SOP 3004 - Exam 1

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