Assigned Reading Textbook Chapter 5 Bargh Williams 2008 posted on Blackboard under the class date Social Cognition Lecture Objectives 1 Define social cognition a Social cognition relationship b What do we think about most i Ourselves ii Other people iii Our relationships with other people explores how we think about ourselves other people and social 2 What are the major differences discussed in class between automatic and controlled thinking a Automatic i Unconscious ii Unaware of this thinking iii Not easily controlled iv Little no effort v Highly efficient vi Automatic thinking is efficient because it relies on knowledge structures 1 defined organized packets of info that are stored in memory b Controlled i Conscious ii Aware of this thinking iii Deliberately controlled iv A lot of effort v Slow and cumbersome thinking b Schemas c Scripts d Priming e Framing a Schemas 3 What are the four knowledge structures Why are they important to automatic a Automatic thinking is efficient because it relies on knowledge structure i Defined organized packets of info that are stored in memory 4 What s a schema What are three things schemas give us information about i Gives us information about 1 A concept 2 Concept s attributes 3 Concept s relationship with other concepts 5 What s a script What are two important pieces of information scripts give us a Scripts i Schemas about certain events 1 Includes a Order of things b Expectations of behavior 2 Example Class a Arrive on time b Sit in your usually place c Get out your notes d Teacher arrives lectures 6 What is priming a Priming behavior i When a concept is activated in our mind and affect later thoughts 7 Be able to describe the Bargh Williams 2008 coffee study What did they do What did they find How does this reflect priming a Williams Bargh 2008 i Hold coffee in your hand either hot or iced ii iii Interact with a person whose behavior is ambiguous If you are holding 1 Hot coffee see person as warm and friendly 2 Cold coffee see person as cold and distant b This reflects priming because the temperature of the coffee affected the later thoughts of the person they interacted with 8 What is framing What are two types of framing Be able to give an example of each a Framing i How information is presented 1 Presented positively or negatively 2 Can influence our behavior choices a Would you be more likely to buy something that costs i 5 easy payments of 19 99 ii 100 focuses on positive 3 Gain frame a e g using our product will make you happier and healthier 4 Loss frame Focuses on the negative a e g if you don t use our product no one will like you 9 What is an attribution a Casual explanations about behaviors or events i Why did bob do that Why did I fail the test b Two dimension attribution theory i Stable vs unstable ii Internal vs external c Why did I succeed fail 10 According to the two dimension attribution theory what are the two dimensions we make attributions on a Two dimension attribution theory i Stable vs unstable ii Internal vs external 11 What kind of attributions do the interaction of these two dimensions lead to e g If we think something is stable and internal what attribute are we likely to make If we think something is stable and external what attribute are we likely to make etc Stable Unstable Internal Ability Effort External Task difficulty Luck a Example Why did I pass the test Internal Stable Ability I m a good test taker i ii External Stable Task Difficulty multiple choice tests are easy iii iv External Unstable Luck Luck was on my side and I picked out the Internal Unstable Effort I studied really hard right answer 12 Be able to define self serving bias fundamental attribution error and the actor observer bias What are the differences between these three biases Why do we tend to engage in these biases a Self serving bias i Tend to claim credit for success deny blame for failure ii i e attribute good behaviors internally bad behaviors externally b Fundamental attribution error external factors c Actor observer bias i Tendency for observers to emphasize internal factors and downplay ii Typically engage in this when describing others bad behavior i When it comes to bad behavior or bad outcomes 1 Actors tend to make external attributions 2 Observers tend to make internal attributions ii Example cut someone off in traffic 1 Did you do it He wouldn t let me over 2 Did someone else do it They re a jerk Who Types of behavior Attribution Ourselves Good Bad Our good internal Our bad external Self serving bias Actor Observer Bias Fundamental Attribution Error Others Typically bad Other bad internal Ourselves vs Others Typically bad Our bad external Other bad internal d Basically we generally attribute i Our good behavior internally ii Our bad behavior externally iii Others bad behavior internally 13 What are heuristics a Defined mental shortcuts i Representative Heuristic ii Availability Heuristic iii Anchoring and adjustment Heuristic iv Simulation Heuristic 14 Define and be able to give examples of four heuristics three heuristics discussed in class availability representative anchoring and adjustment and one heuristic in the book not discussed in class simulation i Judge likelihood frequency of even by how much it resembles a typical a Representative Heuristic case ii Examples 1 Dr Jones teaches an intro psych course About 70 of the class are psychology majors One student in the class always wears horn rimmed glassed carries a calculator and has a pocket protector a What do you think the student s major most likely is A Psychology B Math C Botany b We see horn rimmed glasses calculator and pocket protector as representative of a typical math major even though statistically the student is more likely to me a psychology major 2 Which is healthier for you a Quaker s 100 natural granola b Lucky charms c It is actually Lucky charms but most would expect it to be Quaker s 100 natural granola b Availability Heuristic i Judge frequency likelihood by how quickly it comes to mind how easily available it is In a year do you think there are more deaths due to ii 1 Plane Crashes 2 Drowning 3 2004 stats death by plane crash 771 Death by drowning 3 400 iii Salience of event 1 After Jaws came out fear of death by shark attack was high iv Ps told to list either 5 to 10 intelligent things they ve done in the past week 1 Afterwards asked to rate their own intelligence a Those who listed 5 rated themselves as smarter c Anchoring and adjustment
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