Prejudice learning objectives 1 What are the ABC s of social psychology What are their corresponding terms in the prejudice literature and what do those terms mean a A Affect feelings b B Behavior tendency inclination to act c C Cognition beliefs d A prejudice person might dislike those different from self and behave in a discriminatory manner believing them ignorant and dangerous 2 Is racial prejudice disappearing Why or why not What form is prejudice taking in today s society Does this also apply to gender prejudice a Racial prejudice towards black has decreased since the 1940s b People of different races now share many of the same attitudes and aspirations c Today prejudice is greatest in the most intimate social realms d Modern racism is taking place in today s society i Prejudiced attitudes and discriminatory behavior surface when they can hide behind the screen of some other motive ii Often appears subtly in our preferences for what is familiar similar and comfortable iii Race sensitivity that leads to exaggerated reactions to isolated minority persons both overpraising their accomplishments and over criticizing their mistakes iv Patronization e Modern racism applies to gender i Car dealer study 1 Estimated Prices a White Male 11 362 b White Female 11 504 c Black Male 11 783 d Black Female 12 237 3 What are the differences between implicit and explicit prejudice How easy is it to alter or change each of these types of prejudices What does each of these predict a Implicit prejudice i Gut responses that are biased and controllable ii Automatic iii Harder to change 1 Change only as we form new habits through practice b Explicit prejudice i Voiced attitudes against a group Can be overt traditional or covert subtle modern ii Conscious iii Easy to change 1 Change dramatically with education 4 Explain how the following social sources influence prejudice social inequalities authoritarian personality religion conformity and institutions a Social inequalities i Unequal status breeds prejudice ii Social Dominance Orientation 1 A motivation to have one s group be dominant over other social groups 2 View people in terms of hierarchies iii People in high social dominance embrace prejudice and support political positions that justify prejudice b Authoritarian personality i Rigid adherence to norms generalized hostility and intolerance for different groups ii Result of domineering parents 1 Faced harsh discipline iii As adults display hostility onto safe targets ex minority groups iv These people are submissive to those with power over them and aggressive toward those beneath them v Ethnocentric people 1 Believing in the superiority of one s own ethnic and cultural group and having a corresponding disdain for all other groups vi Double High 1 People high in both social dominance orientation and authoritarian personality are among the most prejudiced people in society 2 Predisposed to be leaders of hate groups i The use of religion to support injustice 1 Leaders invoke religion to uphold and glorify the present c Religion order 2 Christianity a Church members expressed more racial prejudice than nonmembers b Those professing traditional Christian beliefs express more prejudice than those with less traditional beliefs c However more faithful church attenders are less prejudice than occasional attenders d The more devout Christians are less prejudice and more likely to help minority groups ii Religion and Prejudice depends on how we ask the question iii The role of religion is paradoxical It makes prejudice and it unmakes prejudice d Conformity i If prejudice is socially accepted people will follow the path of least resistance and conform to the fashion ii Conform out of a need to be liked and accepted iii Those who conformed most were also the most prejudiced iv Conformity maintains gender prejudice v As social trends change and new norms evolve prejudice can diminish e Institutions i Social institutions school governments media etc can reinforce biased beliefs ii Schools reinforce dominant cultural attitudes 1 Not deliberate attempts to oppress a group simply reflect cultural assumptions ex flesh colored crayon 2 Support for prejudice goes unnoticed iii Face ism women 1 Visual prominence given to faces of men and bodies of a Male photos in media more often show just the face 2 People whose faces are prominent in photos seem more intelligent and ambitious iv Music from 1 Violent rap music stereotype blacks as having violent dispositions 5 How does frustration influence prejudice Where can this frustration stem a Frustrated people express relatively high levels of blatant prejudice b When the cause of frustration is unknown we redirect our hostility i Displaced aggression ii Scapegoats provide an outlet for frustrations and hostilities c Competition i Realistic Group Conflict Theory 1 Prejudice arises when groups compete for scarce resources ii Maxiumum competition will exist between species with identical needs 6 How does our social identity influence our prejudice What is the main difference between outgroup and ingroup members Do we judge outgroup members differently than ingroup members If so how a Social Identity i The we aspect of our self concept the part of our answer to who am I that comes from our group ii Social Identity Theory 1 We Categorize into categories 2 We Identify a We find it useful to put people ourselves included 3 We Compare a We associate ourselves with certain groups our ingroups and gain self esteem by doing so a We contrast our groups with other groups outgroups with a favorable bias toward our own group b In group Favoritism bias i Preferential treatment of favorable attitudes toward one s own group members similar people ii The tendency to favor one s own group iii More prone to in group bias when our group is small and lower in status relative to the out group c Out group homogeneity Bias i They all look alike to me d The more important and the more strongly attached we feel to a group the more we react prejudicially to threats from another group 7 What is internal motivation to respond without prejudice IMS What is external motivation to respond without prejudice EMS What are the differences between these two constructs How can motivations to avoid prejudice influence actual prejudiced responses a Internal Motivation to Respond without Prejudice IMS i Motivated to avoid prejudice because prejudice is wrong b External Motivation to Respond without Prejudice
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