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Stereotyping Prejudice Learning Objectives Chapter 9 BE ABLE TO APPLY ALL OF THESE CONCEPTS TO YOUR LIFE AND COME UP WITH AN EXAMPLE FOR EACH 1 What are the definitions of prejudice stereotyping and discrimination How do they differ lecture and book pg 309 310 Prejudice deals with attitudes stereotypes are thoughts and discrimination is behavior Prejudice a preconceived negative judgment of a group and its individual members Stereotype a belief about the personal attributes of a group of people Sometimes are overgeneralized and inaccurate resistant to new information Discrimination unjustified negative behavior toward a group or its members 2 Are stereotypes always negative Always wrong Always conscious lecture Stereotypes are not always negative some are positive Stereotypes are not always wrong they hold some truths because stereotypes come about based on truths they are over generalized truths Stereotypes are not always conscious Sometimes they are in our implicit memory and we are not aware of them 3 What is the difference between traditional and modern discrimination lecture and book pg 311 314 Modern discrimination is subtler than traditional discrimination Traditional involves school segregation and other blatant forms of discrimination Modern discrimination is not hiring a colored person when they have the same resume as a white person or not interacting socially with colored people These are more subtle ways discrimination is acted upon 4 What is aversive racism How does that relate to the Frey and Gartner 1986 study and when would we expect to see aversive racism lecture Aversive racism is alternating positive and negative responses to black people This means that externally we want to have an equalitarian self image but internally those people still have negative feelings and beliefs towards black people They express those through opportunities that allow them to they are basically racists behind closed doors Aversive racism is shown in the Frey and Gaertner study by looking at how willing people are to help a person of color or a white person during a game of scrabble o IV all of the participants are white and half of the time their partner is white and other half they are black o IV whether partner was deserving of help has crappy letters or was not deserving of help has good letters o DV what is the percentage of people who gave their letters to their partner to help them out o Results when people are deserving of help it did not matter what the color of their skin was BUT when they were not deserving the participants helped the black person a lot less than the white person This shows aversive racism because the participants are given the opportunity to just help out a black person even though they don t need it yet the participants choose not to help them at all Externally helping someone with crappy letters is easy but internally when the participant has the option they opt out because they attribute some negative effects to black people You can expect to see aversive racism when there is an excuse not to help someone If there is no excuse not to help someone then no evidence of prejudice can be seen 5 What are benevolent and hostile sexism book pg 317 319 Benevolent sexism is when women have a superior moral sensibility Hostile sexism is when people are in a relationship women tighten the leash on their man 6 What are the social origins sources of prejudice book pg 319 325 Unequal status breeds prejudice o Social dominance orientation a motivation to have ones group dominate other social groups Acquired values and attitudes family socialization influences children s prejudices Authoritarian personality personality that is disposed to favor obedience to authority and intolerance of out groups and those lower in status o Ethnocentric people believing in the superiority of one s own ethnic and cultural group and having a corresponding disdain for all other groups 7 What is social dominance orientation book pg 320 A motivation to have one s group dominate other social groups 8 What does it mean to be ethnocentric book pg 321 Believing in the superiority of one s own ethnic and cultural group and having a corresponding disdain for all other groups 9 How do social institutions bolster prejudice book pg 323 They bolster prejudice through overt policies such as segregation or passively reinforcing the status quo o Schools are one of the institutions most prone to reinforce dominant cultural o Supporting prejudice on an institutional level often goes unnoticed and attitudes unintended 10 What are the motivational origins sources of prejudice lecture and book pg 325 331 Frustration and Aggression the scapegoat theory between groups for scarce resources Social identity theory feeling superior to others o Realistic group conflict theory the theory that prejudice arises from competition o Social identity the we aspect of our self concept the part of our answer to Who am I that comes from our group membership o Ingroup Us a group of people who share a sense of belonging a feeling of common identity o Outgroup Them a group that people perceive as distinctively different from or apart from their ingroup o Need for status self regard and belonging Terror management peoples self protective emotional and cognitive responses when confronted with reminders or their morality Motivation to avoid prejudice 11 What are the cognitive origins sources of prejudice lecture and book pg 332 343 Categorization classifying people into groups o Out group homogeneity effect perception of outgroup members as more similar to one another than are ingroup members They are alike we are diverse o Own race bias the tendency for people to more accurately recognize faces of their own race also called cross race effect or other race effect o Stigma consciousness a persons expectation of being victimized by prejudice or Distinctiveness discrimination Attribution o Group serving bias explaining away out group members positive behaviors also attributing negative behaviors to their dispositions while excusing such behavior by one s own group o Just world phenomenon the tendency of people to believe that the world is just and that people therefore get what they deserve and deserve what they get 12 Know the 3 parts of Social Identity Theory How does it relate to prejudice lecture 1 We categorize we find it useful to put people out ourselves included into categories 2 We identify we associate ourselves with


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FSU SOP 3004 - Stereotyping & Prejudice

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