Emotion Lecture Objectives 1 What is emotion What is mood What is affect What are the differences between these three terms emotion cid 127 mood affect full blown conscious state that includes an evaluative reaction to some event basically a reaction to something the ones who feels the reaction is aware of it a feeling state that is not clearly linked to some event you may not know why you are in a good or bad mood but you do know that you are in one cid 127 mapping all emotions onto a single good or bad dimension positive affect good emotions negative affect bad emotions separate dimensions not opposite ends of the same dimension 3 What is the difference between conscious emotion and automatic affect conscious emotion powerful single feeling state automatic effect responses of liking or disliking of good and bad feelings toward something cid 127 may be mixed and may occur outside of consciousness 5 How is emotion modeled in the following three theories of emotion James Lange theory Cannon Bard theory and Schachter Singer theory How are they the bodily changes follow directly the perception of the exciting fact and that our feeling of the same changes as they occur in emotion bodily processes of emotions come first and then comes the minds perception of these bodily reactions creating a subjective feeling of emotion emotional stimuli activate the thalamus which then activates both the cortex producing the experienced emotion and the hypothalamus and autonomic the idea that emotion has two components one component physiological arousal is similar in all emotions the other component the cognitive label is the arousal dictates that there will be an emotion and how strong it will be and the cognitive label determines which emotion will be felt 7 What are Dutton Aron 1974 arguing in their article How did they test for this in their first study How does this research support the Schachter Singer different from each other James Lange theory emotional stimulus physical arousal experienced emotion Cannon Bard theory nervous system producing physiological arousale Schachter Singer theory different for each component theory the misattribution of arousal filled out a survey and she gave them her number the DV was to see which group called them woman they made an attractive woman increased their arousal stand at the end of a safe bridge and a dangerous bridge and then when they got to the end they the men who were on the scary bridge called because they mistook the arousal from the bridge as arousal for her 9 What is excitation transfer How is it related to the Schachter Singer theory the idea that excitement from one event can transfer to another event 11 What is happiness How do social psychologists define it the book gives three different definitions Which of the objective predictors have a negative impact on happiness and why What causes happiness Why is happiness important cid 127 happiness simply feeling good right now the frequency of positive emotions minus the frequency of negative emotions affect balance life satisfaction evaluating how your life is generally and also comparing it some standard cid 127 objective predictors cid 127 having children has a negative impact cid 127 has to do with parents self deception and illusion lack of social connections cid 127 people who are alone in the world tend to be less happy 13 What is the hedonic treadmill hedonic treadmill a theory proposing that people stay at about the same level of happiness regardless of what happens to them cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 like a treadmill you walk and walk and walk but you really end up in the same place 15 What is anger What causes anger to occur What are the three different ways to deal with anger anger emotional response to real or imagined threat or provocation internal emotion unlike aggression a reaction to someones wrongdoing dealing with anger not show anger hide it venting anger getting rid of anger changing your arousal state guilt I did a bad thing shame I am a bad person effects of guilt catharsis theory expressing anger produces a healthy release of emotion 17 What are the differences between guilt and shame What are the different effects guilt has on an individual an emotional feeling that is usually bad it is associated with some implicit reproach that one has acted badly or wrongly guilt focuses more narrowly on the action cid 127 moral emotion that involves feeling bad but unlike guilt it spreads to the entire person cid 127 motivates people to do good acts apologize cid 127 motivates people to make amends cid 127 motivates people to behave in more socially desirable ways 19 Why do we have emotions What do emotions influence emotions tell us whether something is good or bad emotions help people get along better emotions can promote belongingness emotions help people learn 21 What is affective forecasting Why is anticipated emotion important affective forecasting the ability to predict one s emotional reactions to future events anticipated emotion can be a powerful guide to behavior anticipated regret decisions are based on how much you will regret an action 23 What are the six basic emotions that most people can identify anger surprise disgust happiness fear sadness 25 Are there any differences between men and women in regards to emotion If so what are they no evidence that women are more emotional than men nearly identical emotional reports women sometimes report stronger emotional reactions than men this is caused by social norms that men should underreport emotions cid 127 men might be slightly more emotional than women whereas women feel more willing to report their emotions and claim to have stronger feelings love cid 127 men fall in love faster women fall out of love faster 27 What is the Yerkes Dodson law How is it related to the difficulty of the task the proposition that some arousal is better than none but too much can hurt performance lower for complex tasks than for difficult tasks because performance is generally lower for difficult tasks cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127 cid 127
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