Unformatted text preview:

Study Points- PrejudiceAS ALWAYS, BE ABLE TO APPLY ALL OF THESE CONCEPTS TO YOUR LIFE!1. What are the definitions of prejudice, stereotyping, and discrimination? How do they differ?o Prejudice: a generalized negative attitude toward members of a group o Stereotyping: a generalized belief about members of a group o Discrimination: Behaviors directed toward people on the basis of their group membership 2. Are stereotypes always negative? Always wrong? Always conscious?o They are not always negative  Women= nurturing  Asian American= intelligent o They are not always conscious  Many stereotypes are actually non- conscious o They are not always wrong  Women do tend to be more nurturing than men  However, many stereotypes are wrong and linked to negative prejudice 3. What is the difference between traditional and modern discrimination?o Traditional  School segregation, voting rights, etc.o Modern  Informal hiring practices, social interactions, etc. More subtle but often just as damaging 4. What is aversive racism? How does that relate to the Frey and Gartner (1986) study, and when would we expect to see aversive racism?o Aversive racism: Alternating positive and negative responses to black people o Frey & Gaertner (1986) Examined willingness to help partner working on a scrabble task - Always white p’s- partner was black or white - Partner deserving of help/undeserving- Examines % of Ps who gave letters to their partner 0255075100Deserving UndeservingWhite PartnerBlack Partner5. What are benevolent and hostile sexism?o Benevolent: paternalism, seeing women as virtuous and fragile o Hostile: angry responses to feminism and female dominance 6. What are the social origins of prejudice? How do they help perpetuate it? (From the text)7. Know the 3 parts of Social Identity Theory. How does SIT relate to prejudice?o Parts: 1. We want to feel good about ourselves  2. Our identity (partly) comes from groups to which we belong  3. Seeing our group as better than other groups raises self-esteem o Strong in group identification -> strong out group prejudice  Ex: FSU students who really see themselves as Seminoles are more likely to dislike Gators o When self-esteem is threatened, people derogate out group members  After receiving poor grade majority students more likely to derogate minorities8. What are the methods and findings of Tajfel & Wilkes (1963) categorization study? What does this tell us about how people perceive group differences (think accentuation and outgroup homogeneity).o P’s judged line lengths o Accentuation Effect: Tendency to exaggerate differences between members of different categories  P’s also underestimated within category differences o Outgroup homogeneity Effect: tendency to perceive more similarity among members of groups we don’t belong to than among members of our own group  “They all look the same” 9. What is an illusory correlation?o Perceiving a correlation where none exist or over-estimation it’s magnitude o Caused by “distinctiveness” 10. Be able to describe the methods and results of Hamilton & Gifford’s (1976) study on illusory correlations. What do they tell us about how we perceive the behavior of others?o P’s read 39 sentences of someone doing a behavior o P’s asked how many pos. and neg. behaviors performed by each group? Overestimated neg behaviors of Group Bo P’s asked to describe traits of each group Described Group B in more neg terms11. What is the two-stage activation model (Devine, 1989)?o Activation- automatic  Stereotypes are universally and automatically activated o Application- controlled 12. What are the methods and results from Wittenbrink et al. (1997) and Gilbert & Hixon (1991; both studies)? What does these studies tell us about the two-stage activation model?o White P’s primed with “black” or “white”o Lexical Decision Task (is it a word or non word)o Words:  Pos Black stereotype (athletic) Neg Black stereotype (criminal) Pos White stereotype (intelligent) Neg White stereotype (boring)o Findings: Not all stereotypes activated Explicit prejudice correlated with stereotype activation - Activation is NOT universal - MOTIVATION13. What is the dual attitude approach?o People have explicit and implicit attitudes towards social groups 14. What are the differences between implicit and explicit prejudice? What do they predict?o Explicit Prejudice Predict: over bias, policy attitudeso Implicit prejudice (often more negative) Predict: non-verbal bias, split second decisions 15. What are the potential implications of stereotypes that we discussed in class?o Split second implicit biases have very real implications  Police responses to criminal suspects o Shoot/ don't shoot studies- people are more likely to mistakenly shot unarmed black man  Influenced by stereotype that links black men & criminality o Serotypes lead to biased interpretations of people’s behavior  Identifying weapons Judging the emotions of an infant Judging a defendant as guilty/innocent Judging the leader of a group16. What was Jane Elliott’s brown eyes/blue eyes study? What did it demonstrate about discrimination?17. Know the methods and results of Snyder’s (1979) study. What are the implications of attributional ambiguity in discrimination?o P’s told either same movie or diff movie in each cubicle o Same movie- 58% sat with disabled persono Diff movie- 17% sat with disabled person o Attributional Ambiguity: the discriminatory behavior can be explained through a number of different reasons 18. What is stereotype threat? What are its implications for performance?o Stereotype threat: a disruptive concern, when facing a negative stereotype, that one will be evaluated based on a negative stereotype. o Targets of Discrimination o They have immediate effects 19. What is the contact hypothesis?o Simply exposing people to members of different groups should reduce prejudice o This generally hasn’t worked 20. What all conditions are necessary for prejudice reduction?o 1. Outgroup members have traits and abilities challenging negative stereotypes  Dasgupta & Greenwald (2001) - Showed Whites images of liked or disliked Blacks- Images of liked Blacks decreased implicit prejudice Plant et al. (2009) - Implicit prejudice toward Blacks dropped DRAMATICALLY in 2008-2009- Shown to be attributed to Barack Obamao 2.Contact is


View Full Document

FSU SOP 3004 - Study Points- Prejudice

Documents in this Course
Emotions

Emotions

12 pages

Notes

Notes

9 pages

Exam 3

Exam 3

8 pages

Exam 1

Exam 1

13 pages

Exam 1

Exam 1

22 pages

Exam 3

Exam 3

9 pages

Test 1

Test 1

18 pages

Exam 1

Exam 1

6 pages

Exam 1

Exam 1

59 pages

Groups

Groups

31 pages

Exam 1

Exam 1

6 pages

MORALITY

MORALITY

14 pages

Test 2

Test 2

10 pages

Exam 2

Exam 2

13 pages

Exam 2

Exam 2

7 pages

Groups

Groups

26 pages

Exam 2

Exam 2

7 pages

Chapter 1

Chapter 1

14 pages

Exam 3

Exam 3

22 pages

Exam 3

Exam 3

32 pages

Morality

Morality

10 pages

Prejudice

Prejudice

11 pages

Exam 4

Exam 4

5 pages

Exam 4

Exam 4

7 pages

Test 2

Test 2

13 pages

Chapter 4

Chapter 4

15 pages

Prejudice

Prejudice

18 pages

Exam 3

Exam 3

18 pages

TEST 1

TEST 1

66 pages

EXAM 3

EXAM 3

40 pages

Exam 3

Exam 3

19 pages

Exam 4

Exam 4

7 pages

Attitudes

Attitudes

37 pages

Test 2

Test 2

11 pages

Test 2

Test 2

21 pages

Exam 1

Exam 1

25 pages

CHAPTER 1

CHAPTER 1

13 pages

Chapter 4

Chapter 4

14 pages

Notes

Notes

52 pages

Chapter 1

Chapter 1

10 pages

Chapter 7

Chapter 7

10 pages

Notes

Notes

9 pages

Load more
Download Study Points- Prejudice
Our administrator received your request to download this document. We will send you the file to your email shortly.
Loading Unlocking...
Login

Join to view Study Points- Prejudice and access 3M+ class-specific study document.

or
We will never post anything without your permission.
Don't have an account?
Sign Up

Join to view Study Points- Prejudice 2 2 and access 3M+ class-specific study document.

or

By creating an account you agree to our Privacy Policy and Terms Of Use

Already a member?