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Berkeley ELENG 105 - Lecture 2: Semiconductor Basics (17 pages)

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Lecture 2: Semiconductor Basics



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Lecture 2: Semiconductor Basics

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Lecture Notes


Pages:
17
School:
University of California, Berkeley
Course:
Eleng 105 - Microelectronic Devices and Circuits
Microelectronic Devices and Circuits Documents

Unformatted text preview:

EE105 Fall 2006 Microelectronic Devices and Circuits Prof Jan M Rabaey jan eecs Lecture 2 Semiconductor Basics Your EECS105 Week Mo Tu We Lab 353 Cory Lab 353 Cory Th Fr 9am 10am Lab 353 Cory 11am Discussion 293 Cory 12pm Office Hour Ryan Roberts 1pm 2pm Discussion 293 Cory Office Hour Nate Pletcher 3pm Discussion 293 Cory 4pm Office Hour Gerald Wang Lecture 203 McLaughlin Office Hours Prof Rabaey 511 Cory Office Hour Asako Toda Lecture 203 McLaughlin Lab 353 Cory 5pm 6pm 2 1 This week Discussion sessions and office hours starting this week Discussions 293 Cory Office Hours TAs 477 Cory Labs 353 Cory Make up Lecture Friday September 8 3 30 5pm 203 McLaughlin 3 At a glance Last class Intro and some recap of circuit analysis Today Review of Semiconductor Basics 4 2 Periodic Table of Elements 5 Electronic Properties of Silicon Silicon is in Group IV atomic number 14 Atom electronic structure 1s22s22p63s23p2 Crystal electronic structure 1s22s22p63 sp 4 Diamond lattice with 0 235 nm bond length Very poor conductor at room temperature why 1s 2 2s 2 2p 6 3sp 4 Hybridized State 6 3 The Diamond Structure 3sp tetrahedral bond o 2 35 A o 5 43 A 7 Energy States of an Atom E3 E2 Allowed Energy Levels Forbidden Band Gap E1 Atomic Spacing Lattice Constant Quantum Mechanics The allowed energy levels for an atom are discrete 2 electrons with opposite spin can occupy a state When atoms are brought into close contact these energy levels split If there are a large number of atoms the discrete energy levels form a continuous band 8 4 Energy Band Diagram The gap between the conduction and valence band determines the conductive properties of the material Metal Conduction Band negligible band gap or overlap Valence Band Conduction Band Insulator band gap large band gap 8 eV Valence Band Semiconductor e medium sized gap 1 eV e Electrons can gain energy from lattice phonon or photon to become free 9 Model for Good Conductor The atoms are all ionized and a sea of electrons can wander about


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