PSY 301 1st Edition Lecture 4 Outline of Last Lecture I. Attributional BiasII. Cognitive DissonanceIII. Social Influences(a) Conformity(b) Compliance(c) ObedienceOutline of Current LectureI. Decision MakingII. Relationships(a) AttractionIII. Loving and LikingCurrent LectureDecision Making:- Motivated social cognition: thinking about the social world in ways that serve an emotional need, such as when people hold beliefs that help them feel less anxious- In a group that is not initially unanimous, usually majority wins rule but can be a truth-wins rule (when minority opinion prevails because it is more valid)- Group polarization: The tendency of group members’ opinions to become more extremeafter group discussiono This results in the intensification of initial viewso This impairs group decision makingo Can outlast the initial discussion and decision- Groupthink: The tendency of people trying to solve problems to accept each other’s information and ideas uncriticallyo This happens to groups most concerned with agreemento More likely in close groupso More in groups that have norm of agreement- Heterogeneous groups have more trouble making decisions because:o They have less of an effective communication systemo Splintering subgroupso This can also increase innovation and flexibilityRelationships:- Attraction depends on:o The proximity This is how close you are to the other person, if you see a person more often there is a higher chance that the attraction will increaseo Interpersonal rewards Whether or not the presence of the other is beneficial to each othero Similarity Similar tastes, values, attitudes If personalities are complementary, they are more likely compatible For example, a girl who is very talkative tends to balance a man who is quieto Physical attractiveness Main determinant of initial attraction People tend to choose to be with others who are of the same attractive levelLoving and Liking:- Liking: Affection, respect, and approvalo This is when you acknowledge an individual as someone who you may respect- Loving: Attachment, intimacy, and mutual concerno This is when you start to grown concern for another individual and genuinely care about him or her; you also tend to want to be more around
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