ANSWERS TO EXAM 1 IN BOLDI. Multiple Choice1. Suppose you were a research participant in one of Wilhelm Wundt’s studies… Most likely you would have been required to:a. Be hypnotized by Wundt himselfb. Report the content of your dreams over a series of nightsc. Report your reactions to various stimulid. Write a stream of consciousness essay2. John Watson rejected ___________ in favor of studying ___________a. introspection… structuralismb. phenomenology… animalsc. the mind… behaviord. behavior… the mind3. From the case of Phineas Gage, one thing we learned was:a. Brain damage can occur without changing personalityb. The frontal lobe is involved in thinking, planning, and impulse-inhibitionc. The parietal lobe is responsible for personality characteristicsd. Intellectual functioning is localized in the occipital lobe.4. The results of our online survey demonstrated that the more the class reported drinking beer, the more you reported having upset stomachs; thus,a. Drinking beer causes people to have upset stomachsb. Drinking beer is one of many causes of upset stomachsc. Upset stomachs and beer-drinking are positively correlatedd. Upset stomachs and beer-drinking have a negative correlation coefficient (r).5. In class when we all “acted out” neurons, your fingers were ________, that received messages; your bodies were axons that ________ signals; and, your feet were _______ responsible for transmission.a. Dendrites…insulate…axonsb. Axons…conduct…dendritesc. Dendrites…conduct…axon terminals d. Axon terminals…conduct…dendrites6. In the Greenwald et al. study of subliminal self-help tapes discussed in class, research participants heard either correctly labeled or mis-labeled self esteem or memory improvement tapes, then were tested for self-esteem and memory. The results revealed that:a. All participants who actually heard self-esteem tapes had increased self-esteemb. All participants who actually heard memory-improvement tapes had increased memory ability.c. Only those who thought they were listening to a self-esteem or memory-improvement tape showed improvementd. There was no improvement, regardless of tape heard, but participants thought they had improved.7. A chef wants to add just enough vanilla to a recipe to make its taste barely detectable. The chef’s problem is closely related to the concept of:a. The difference thresholdb. The absolute thresholdc. Weber’s lawd. The JND8. To avoid waking up your room-mate, you pick out your clothes in the semi-darkness of dawn. The bright bathroom light reveals a near fashion mistake- a red shirt, green pants and purple socks. Your problem is that :a. Rods only operate in bright light to show colorb. Cones, which detect color, don’t operate in semi-darknessc. The lens only lets in color in bright lightd. Only the center of the retina operates in semi-darkness9. Suppose John Kerry’s new advertising campaign wants a patriotic theme where viewers “see” ared, white and blue American flag on the screen that is actually blank. What color flag should they present in the ad for viewers to fixate on before the screen goes blank?a. Blue, white, and redb. Green, black, and yellowc. Red, orange, and yellowd. Blue, indigo and violet10. After a night out on Sixth Street, Johnny was pulled over by the cops and asked to walk a straight line and touch his nose with one finger. He was unable to do this because alcohol affects the __________, instrumental in coordinating __________.a. Hypothalamus…fear responsesb. Cerebellum… muscle movementsc. Corpus Callosum…the right and left hemispheres of the brain.d. Broca’s area…language11. In class we discussed the case of “Julia” who exhibited unexplained fits of rage, temper tantrums and violent outburst. Surgery that destroyed part of her ________ was accompanied by a mellowing effect. a. Hippocampusb. Hypothalamusc. Amygdalad. Reticular formation12. Because the olfactory bulbs extend some of their axons to directly into the brain’s limbic system, it is not surprising that certain smells are associated with a. Tastesb. Emotional memoriesc. Visual afterimagesd. Certain sounds13. If we were to collect t-shirts from the 30 students in our class, we would most likely find:a. Your room-mates might confuse your scent for their ownb. Your mothers would not be able to pick out their own children’sc. People would be able to differentiate between men and women’sd. Most of you would report smelling your own shirts was sexually arousing.14. Which expression is most closely related to the concept of perceptual seta. We see what we expect to seeb. In one ear and out the otherc. A bird in the hand is worth two in the bushd. Here today, gone tomorrow15. You don’t have to think about pumping blood through your body or maintaining proper glucoselevels, thanks to the _________; part of the_________.a. Autonomic nervous system….sympathetic nervous systemb. Somatic nervous system …peripheral nervous systemc. Autonomic nervous system …peripheral nervous systemd. Sympathetic nervous system …parasympathetic nervous system16. _______neurons travel from the CNS; whereas _______ neurons travel to the CNS. a. Sensory… afferentb. Motor… efferentc. Motor…sensoryd. Sensory…motor17. The resting state of a neuron is:a. Negativeb. Positivec. Neutrald. Dependent on neurotransmitter levels18. Michael J. Fox has recently become a spokesperson for Parkinson’s, a neurodegenerative disease. Although the cause is unclear, the muscular rigidity, involuntary movements, and “pill-rolling” tremors we see in him are most likely a result of _________, given its role in motor control and voluntary muscle movements.a. Excess Acetylcholineb. Dopamine depletionc. Excess L-DOPAd. Ingesting MPTP19. A statistically significant negative correlation between listening to hip hop and drinking wine means:a. The more you listen to hip-hop, the more you drink wineb. The more you listen to hip-hop, the less you drink winec. Listening to hip-hop is completely unrelated to drinking wined. Listening to hip-hop causes you to drink less wine. 20. If you were a split-brain patient and someone flashed a row of lights at you, what would you SAY that you saw?a. Only lights on the leftb. Only lights on the Rightc. Nothingd. The whole row21. Which of the following is most closely associated with causality?a. Positively correlated variablesb. Manipulating variablesc. The results of descriptive
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