Lecture 19: PersonalityThat which cannot be seen, touched, or directly measured4/26/04I. How do we get to know a persona. What do we rely on in making impressions?b. How accurate are our impressionsi. E.g. rating the instructor1. What other information would help form an accurate impression2. Do impressions matter?II. Impression Formation (Kelly, 1950)a. Warm vs. Cold studyi. Differences in ratingii. Differences in behaviorIII. Approaches to Personalitya. Freud/ Psychoanalysisi. 2 main points: ii. Freud’s background (physiologically vs. psychologically caused illnesses)iii. Freud’s Methods1. Free Association to retrieve unconscious needs and wishesa. Dreams, jokes, parapraxes, etc. iv. Structure of Personality1. Id2. Ego3. Superegov. Psychosexual Stagesvi. Defense Mechanismsvii. Accessing Unconscious1. Projective Testsb. The Humanistic Approachi. Carl Rogers’ theory1. Parental influences2. Criticismsa. How would you describe a friend’s personality?c. The Trait Approachi. Trait: relatively stable predisposition to behave in a certain wayii. Factor analysis & The Big Five1. O.C.E.A.Na. Opennessb. Conscientiousnessc. Extraversiond. Agreeablenesse. Neuroticism2. L.I.S.Ta. Life datab. Informant datac. Self-datad. Test data3. Accuracy based on behavrioal Residuesa. Food, Music, photos, bedrooms, websites4. Situationist Argumenta. Controversyb. Resolution: Biological
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