1Problem SolvingProblem SolvingProblem StructureProblem StructureThoughts About IntelligenceThoughts About IntelligenceIt’s one of the laws of nature that half of the It’s one of the laws of nature that half of the people have got to be below average. people have got to be below average. ----AnonymousAnonymousIt’s easier to administer tests than to give It’s easier to administer tests than to give everybody a try at being a medical student or a everybody a try at being a medical student or a Supreme Court judge.Supreme Court judge.----Sandra Sandra ScarrScarrIntelligence is purposeful invention of new Intelligence is purposeful invention of new procedures, or applications of old procedures, in a procedures, or applications of old procedures, in a new context to solve a problem.new context to solve a problem.----Jean Piaget Jean Piaget Common sense isn’t.Common sense isn’t.What is intelligence?What is intelligence?Problem: Problem: OperationalizationOperationalizationHow Have Psychologists tried to Measure How Have Psychologists tried to Measure Intelligence?Intelligence?Alfred Alfred BinetBinet––Mental AgeMental AgeLewis Lewis TermanTerman100Age calChronologiAge MentalxIQ=2Unitary or Specific?Unitary or Specific?Gardner’s Theory of Multiple Gardner’s Theory of Multiple IntelligencesIntelligencesLogical/MathematicalLogical/MathematicalVerbal/LinguisticVerbal/LinguisticVisual/SpatialVisual/SpatialIntrapersonalIntrapersonalMusical/RhythmicMusical/RhythmicBody/KinestheticBody/KinestheticRaymond Raymond CattellCattellFluid intelligence:Fluid intelligence:is the power of is the power of reasoning and applying information.reasoning and applying information.Crystallized intelligenceCrystallized intelligenceis comprised is comprised of acquired skills and knowledge and the of acquired skills and knowledge and the application of that knowledge.application of that knowledge.3Concept CheckConcept CheckA 16A 16--yearyear--old learns to play chess and quickly old learns to play chess and quickly becomes proficient enough to be accepted into becomes proficient enough to be accepted into the school’s chess club. Is this fluid or the school’s chess club. Is this fluid or crystallized intelligence?crystallized intelligence?Ten years later, the chess player achieves Ten years later, the chess player achieves grandmaster status. Is this a result of fluid or grandmaster status. Is this a result of fluid or crystallized intelligence?crystallized intelligence?4Are IQ tests culturally biased?Are IQ tests culturally biased?What does IQ predict?What does IQ predict?––SESSES––Within family studiesWithin family studiesBrooklyn ExerciseBrooklyn ExerciseGeniusGeniusIQ over 140?IQ over 140?Classic speculationsClassic speculationsGeniusGeniusWriterWriterPainterPainterMusic composerMusic composerMovie directorMovie directorScientistScientistMilitary strategistMilitary strategistMathematicianMathematicianPhilosopherPhilosopherEconomistEconomistChoreographerChoreographerLawyer/TeacherLawyer/TeacherPhotographer/designePhotographer/designer/architectr/architectMusic Music
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