Slide 1After studying this chapter, you should be able to do the followingThe Nature of Family LifeSlide 4Functions of a familyFamily StructuresSlide 7Slide 8Ways Generations are tracedSlide 10Slide 11Slide 12Defining MarriageSlide 14Marriage RulesMarital ResidenceSlide 17HomogamyThe Transformation of the FamilySlide 20The Decline of the Traditional FamilyChanges in the Marriage RateSlide 23Unmarried Women 15 and older 1960-2007Cohabitating Couples 1960-2007Childless CouplesWomen in the Labor ForceFamily ViolenceSlide 29Divorce Marriages ending in Divorce within the first 5 yearsDivorce LawsChild Custody LawsRemarriage and StepfamiliesSlide 34Slide 35Single-Parent FamiliesSlide 37Gay and Lesbian CouplesMarriage and Marriage and Alternative Family Alternative Family ArrangementsArrangementsChapter 12Chapter 12After studying this chapter, you should After studying this chapter, you should be able to do the followingbe able to do the followingExplain the functions of the family.Explain the functions of the family.Describe the major variations in family structure.Describe the major variations in family structure.Define marriage and describe its relationship to the Define marriage and describe its relationship to the phenomenon of romantic love.phenomenon of romantic love.Describe the various rules governing marriage.Describe the various rules governing marriage.Explain the ways in which mate selection is not random.Explain the ways in which mate selection is not random.Summarize recent changes in the family as an institution.Summarize recent changes in the family as an institution.Explain the impact of changes in divorce and child-custody Explain the impact of changes in divorce and child-custody laws.laws.Describe the various alternative family arrangements in Describe the various alternative family arrangements in contemporary American society.contemporary American society.The Nature of Family LifeThe Nature of Family LifeWhat is a family?What is a family?A social group characterized by common A social group characterized by common residence, economic cooperation, and residence, economic cooperation, and reproduction.reproduction. It includes adults of both sexes, at least two It includes adults of both sexes, at least two of whom maintain a socially approved of whom maintain a socially approved sexual relationship, and one or more sexual relationship, and one or more children, own or adopted, of the sexually children, own or adopted, of the sexually cohabiting adults.cohabiting adults.Do you agree with this definition?Do you agree with this definition?How would you define a family?How would you define a family?Functions of a familyFunctions of a familyFamily StructuresFamily StructuresNuclear family Nuclear family The most basic family form and is made The most basic family form and is made up of a married couple and their biological up of a married couple and their biological or adopted children. or adopted children. The nuclear family is found in all societies, The nuclear family is found in all societies, and it is from this form that all other and it is from this form that all other (composite) family forms are derived.(composite) family forms are derived.Polygamous families Polygamous families Nuclear families linked together by multiple Nuclear families linked together by multiple marriage bonds, with one central individual marriage bonds, with one central individual married to several spouses. married to several spouses. Is Is polygynous polygynous when the central person is male when the central person is male and the multiple spouses are female.and the multiple spouses are female.The family is The family is polyandrous polyandrous when the central when the central person is female and the multiple spouses are person is female and the multiple spouses are male.male.Extended familiesExtended familiesOther relations and generations in addition to the Other relations and generations in addition to the nuclear family, so that along with married parents and nuclear family, so that along with married parents and their offspring, there may be the parents’ parents, their offspring, there may be the parents’ parents, siblings of the parents, the siblings’ spouses and siblings of the parents, the siblings’ spouses and children, and in-lawschildren, and in-laws. .Ways Generations are tracedWays Generations are tracedPatrilineal SystemPatrilineal SystemMatrilineal SystemMatrilineal SystemBilateral systemBilateral systemPatrilineal systemPatrilineal systemGenerations are tied together through the males Generations are tied together through the males of a family; all members trace their kinship of a family; all members trace their kinship through the father’s line. through the father’s line. Patriarchal family Patriarchal family •Describe situations in which Describe situations in which most family affairs are most family affairs are dominated by men.dominated by men.Matriarchal familyMatriarchal family•MMost family affairs are dominated by women, ost family affairs are dominated by women, is relatively is relatively uncommon but does exist.uncommon but does exist.Matrilineal systemMatrilineal systemThe generations are tied together through the The generations are tied together through the females of a family. females of a family.Bilateral systemBilateral systemDescent passes through both females and Descent passes through both females and males of a family.males of a family.Defining MarriageDefining MarriageMarriageMarriageAn institution found in all societies, is the An institution found in all societies, is the socially recognized, legitimized, and socially recognized, legitimized, and supported union of individuals of opposite supported union of individuals of opposite sexes. sexes.Five dimensions of romantic loveFive dimensions of romantic loveIdealization of the loved oneIdealization of the loved oneThe notion of a one and onlyThe notion of a one and onlyLove at first sightLove at first sightLove winning out over allLove winning out over allAn indulgence of personal emotionsAn indulgence of personal emotionsMarriage RulesMarriage RulesEEndogamyndogamyLLimit the social categories from within which one can imit the social categories from within which one can choose a marriage partner. choose a marriage partner. Exogamy, Exogamy, Require an
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