Slide 1After studying this chapter, you should be able to do the following:Slide 3Becoming a Person: Biology and CultureSlide 5Deprivation and DevelopmentSlide 7The Concept of SelfSlide 9Slide 10Slide 11Six Concepts of SelfDimensions of Human DevelopmentTheories of DevelopmentSlide 15Slide 16Slide 17Slide 18Three Stages Self DevelopsSlide 20Slide 22Slide 23Slide 24Slide 25Slide 26Slide 27Day to DayDiverse SocietyFour consequences of repeated exposure to video gamesSlide 31Slide 32Slide 33Slide 34Slide 35Slide 36Slide 37Slide 38Slide 39Career Development: Vocation and IdentityAging and SocietySocializationSocialization and and DevelopmentDevelopmentChapter 4Chapter 4After studying this chapter, you should be After studying this chapter, you should be able to do the following:able to do the following:Discuss how biology and socialization contribute to the Discuss how biology and socialization contribute to the formation of the individual.formation of the individual.Know what sociobiology is.Know what sociobiology is.Explain how extreme social deprivation affects early childhood Explain how extreme social deprivation affects early childhood development.development.Identify the stages of cognitive and moral development.Identify the stages of cognitive and moral development.Explain the views of the self developed by Cooley, Mead, and Explain the views of the self developed by Cooley, Mead, and Freud.Freud.Understand Erikson’s stage model of lifelong socialization.Understand Erikson’s stage model of lifelong socialization.Explain how family, schools, peer groups, and the mass Explain how family, schools, peer groups, and the mass media contribute to childhood socialization.media contribute to childhood socialization.SocializationSocializationThe process of social interaction that The process of social interaction that teaches the child the intellectual, physical, teaches the child the intellectual, physical, and social skills needed to function as a and social skills needed to function as a member of societymember of society Through socialization children learnThrough socialization children learnTheir culture Their culture Acquire a personalityAcquire a personalityBecoming a Person: Biology and Becoming a Person: Biology and CultureCultureEvery human being is born with a set of Every human being is born with a set of genes, inherited units of biological genes, inherited units of biological material. material. Where do theseWhere do these inherit traits inherit traits come from?come from?Nature Versus Nurture: A False DebateNature Versus Nurture: A False DebateNatureNatureInherited characteristics Inherited characteristics NurtureNurtureSocialization experiences Socialization experiencesDeprivation and DevelopmentDeprivation and DevelopmentHuman infants must:Human infants must:Develop social attachmentsDevelop social attachmentslearn to have meaningful interactions and learn to have meaningful interactions and affectionate bonds with others. affectionate bonds with others.What is an attachment disorder?What is an attachment disorder?A persons inability to trust people and to A persons inability to trust people and to form relationships with others.form relationships with others. Most common group that is affect by Most common group that is affect by attachment disorderattachment disorderAdopted children Adopted childrenThe Concept of SelfThe Concept of SelfEvery individual comes to possess a Every individual comes to possess a social identity by occupying statuses—social identity by occupying statuses—culturally and socially defined positions—culturally and socially defined positions—in the course of his or her socialization.in the course of his or her socialization.Social identitySocial identity is the total of all the is the total of all the statuses that define an individual. statuses that define an individual.How does this human being who is growing How does this human being who is growing and developing physically, emotionally, and developing physically, emotionally, intellectually, and socially experience intellectually, and socially experience these changes? these changes?Is there something constant about a Is there something constant about a person’s experience that allows one person’s experience that allows one to say, “I am that changing person—to say, “I am that changing person—changing, but yet somehow the same changing, but yet somehow the same individual?”individual?”How does the self develop?How does the self develop?When the individual becomes aware of his When the individual becomes aware of his or her feelings, thoughts, and behaviors or her feelings, thoughts, and behaviors as separate and distinct from those of as separate and distinct from those of other people. other people.Six Concepts of SelfSix Concepts of SelfAn awareness of the existence, appearance, An awareness of the existence, appearance, and boundaries of one’s own body The ability to and boundaries of one’s own body The ability to refer to one’s own being by using language and refer to one’s own being by using language and other symbolsother symbolsKnowledge of one’s personal history Knowledge of one’s personal history Knowledge of one’s needs and skills Knowledge of one’s needs and skills The ability to organize one’s experiences The ability to organize one’s experiences The ability to take a step back and look at one’s The ability to take a step back and look at one’s being as others do, to evaluate the impressions being as others do, to evaluate the impressions one is creating, and to understand the feelings one is creating, and to understand the feelings and attitudes one stimulates in othersand attitudes one stimulates in othersDimensions of Human Dimensions of Human DevelopmentDevelopmentTheories of DevelopmentTheories of DevelopmentCharles Horton Cooley, George Herbert Charles Horton Cooley, George Herbert Mead, Sigmund Freud, and Erik Erikson Mead, Sigmund Freud, and Erik Erikson stand out because of the contributions stand out because of the contributions they have made to the way sociologists they have made to the way sociologists today think about socialization. today think about socialization. Cooley and Mead saw the individual and Cooley and Mead saw the individual and society as partners. society as partners. They were symbolic
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