Slide 1Ch. 1 Human Communication: What and WhyTypes of communicationIntrapersonal vs. InterpersonalSmall group communicationPublic communicationMass communicationWhat needs are satisfied in your life by communicating with others?Physical needsIdentity needsSocial needsPractical NeedsWhat is communication competence?Why should we want to become more competent communicators?Some interesting findings…How might you become a more competent communicator?What are the characteristics of a competent communicator?Other characteristics of competent communicatorsEmpathyCognitive complexitySelf-MonitoringCommitment to the relationshipThree factors to remember when deciding on a responseIn Conclusion:Models of CommunicationLinear Model How it works…Slide 28Slide 29NoiseTypes of NoiseEnvironmentThe way we understand a message is based on several factors:Weaknesses of the linear model:Slide 35Transactional ModelIn the Transactional Model…Ch. 1 Human Communication: What and WhyTypes of communicationIntrapersonalInterpersonal Small GroupPublicMass communicationIntrapersonal vs. InterpersonalIntrapersonal- communicating with oneselfInterpersonal- communication that takes place between two peopleDyad- two persons interactingSmall group communicationCommunication that takes place between more than two membersGroup members usually communicate equallyPublic communicationCommunication that takes place in a large groupToo large for all members to communicate equallyMass communicationConsists of messages that are transmitted in large quantities to several people at one timeTransmitted through several sources: electronic, print, television, radio, magazines, etc.No personal contact between sender and receiverWhat needs are satisfied in your life by communicating with others?Physical needsIdentity needsSocial needsPractical needsPhysical needsCommunicating with others benefits our physical health/well-beingIdentity needsWe define who we are through communication with othersImpressions of who we are, are formed according to the ways in which others respond to usSocial needsSeveral social needs are met through communication:Pleasure EscapeAffection RelaxationInclusion ControlPractical NeedsCommunication is used in order to achieve our everyday needs-to get where we need to go-to accomplish what we need to accomplish-to better understand our environment and what is expected of usWhat is communication competence?The ability to communicate effectivelyWhat is effective communication?Communication that maintains or enhances the relationship in which it occursWhy should we want to become more competent communicators?More satisfying relationshipsIn order to satisfy our human needsTo get more out of lifeSome interesting findings…***Several studies show that married couples that were identified as effective communicators report more satisfying relationships than husbands and wives who are less skillful communicators***Other studies have found that college students’ G.P.A. was positively related to their communication competence.Studies show that even a small amount of training can greatly affect communication abilityHow might you become a more competent communicator?By taking this classBy wanting to become a better communicatorBy continuously working toward improving your communication skillsBy practicing the skills you are taughtWhat are the characteristics of a competent communicator? A wide range of communication behaviors to choose from in an interactionAbility to choose the most appropriate behavior for the situationAbility to perform effective communicationPlenty of practice as a skilled communicatorOther characteristics of competent communicatorsEmpathyCognitive ComplexitySelf-MonitoringCommitment to the relationshipEmpathyAbility to put yourself in another’s shoesUnderstanding another’s perspectiveCognitive complexityThe ability to analyze the behavior of others in a variety of waysLooking at the situation from a variety of angles (rather than just your perspective)Self-MonitoringObserving your own behaviors as if you are outside yourselfImagining how others are interpreting your behaviorsBeing aware of how your behaviors affect othersCommitment to the relationshipLevel of commitment to a relationship determines willingness to communicate effectivelyWe work harder at communicating in relationships we genuinely care aboutThree factors to remember when deciding on a responseThe context (what is involved in the situation)Your goal (do you want this relationship to continue positively)The other person (where is he or she coming from and how is he or she feeling)In Conclusion:It is now clear that communication satisfies several human needsIt is important that we all work on our communication skills in order to have more effective relationshipsModels of CommunicationLinear ModelTransactional ModelLinear ModelIn this model communication only goes one wayHow it works…Sender – person sending the messageReceiver – person receiving the messageSender encodes a message, chooses a channel by which to send the message, and then sends the message to a receiver who then decodes the message.Channel – the way the message is conveyed (face- to-face, telephone, e-mail, etc.) depends on the situation[p. 14 explains different channels and their effectiveness in specific situations]Encode – when the sender consciously attaches meanings to symbols from feelings and ideas, creating the message sentDecode – when the receiver interprets and creates an understanding of what the message sent meansNoise affects the message sent by the sendermay prevent the message from reaching the receiver accuratelymay affect the way the receiver interprets the message. May take place before, during and after message is sentTypes of Noise1. External – factors that take place outside the receiver2. Physiological -- biological, personal factors that prevent the receiver from accurately interpreting and decoding the message 3. Psychological -- when forces within a person prevent he/she from having the ability to send or receive a message effectivelyEnvironment• Refers to our physical surroundings, or to our personal experiences and cultural backgrounds that communicators base their view of
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