Chapter Eleven OutlinePresenting the SpeechI. Characteristics of Effective Presentations.A. Train to speak naturallyB. Delivery = Presentation.C. Positive Delivery.1. Does not call attention to itself.2. Helps the audience to listen, understand, and remember.II. The Voice in PresentationA. Volume.Error on being louder then you need to be. A clear loud voice says that you have more self-confidence.1. Feedback will help determine volume.2. Amplification. a. Using a microphone.b. Projection the voice.B. Pitch.1. The range of natural pitch is narrow.2. Avoid monotone delivery. A monotone voice makes the audience bord and makes the speaker sound like they are bordwith their own speech.C. Pauses.Begin speech by going up to the front of the room, Pause and look around, then begin. To end the speech say your concluding remarks, pause, then sit down. You don’t want to audience to think you are in a hurry to start or sit down.Makes you seem nervous if you:1. Pausing to often.2. Pausing in the wrong places.3. Not pausing long enough.4. Using vocalizing pauses. such as ummm, uhhh, like etc. While these words and phrases may be part of our everyday speech, they should not be part of our speeches.D. Articulation and enunciation.1. Articulation.- clarity in words2. Enunciation. - distinctness of wordsExercise: Have class do a tongue twister together: She sells Sea shells by the sea shore.E. Pronunciation.1. ***** Why is proper pronunciation important?a. Mispronunciation may cause alter meanings. ex. in book Desert -place and to leave.b. Mispronunciation calls attention to itself.c. Mispronunciation reflects negatively on speakers credibility.d. Dialects can lead to stereotypes.Ex of importance of pronunciation: The flight attendant movie with Gwyenith Paltrow Quote: You need to put the correct emphasis on the right syllable.2. Pronunciation and audience analysis.F. Inflection.- proper sentences as a wholeIII. The Body in Presentation.A. Physical appearance.1. Before you speak. Think of the space aka class room2. Approaching the podium. In class exercise: have each member of the class, stand with confidence, walk to the front of the room pause, give name etc. Finish, pause and sit down with confidence. Say I own the world for the next 6-8 mins.3. Clothes and grooming. Hair back, hats off no gum etc.Studies have been done where a person would give the same speech twice.The first time they went up there with their hair a mess in an jeans and a tee-shirt. The second time they went up there the person wore a suit. People were surveyed after the speech and even though the same speech was given, the second time it was given was said to be more creditable in the information given.B. Movement - Show controlled movement or walk for the speech*** Why move?1. Overcomes barriers.2. Can signal transitions3. Can become a distraction.C. Gesture.How to use gestures on main points or naturally. Where to put hands when you are done gesturing.1. Anticipation step.2. Implementation step.3. Relaxation step.D. Facial Expressions.1. Eye contact. -each person.2. Speaking to a large audience.3. Speaking for the camera.IV. Modes of PresentationA. Impromptu presentations.1. Speaking from a “lifetime” of experience.2. Structure is simple and clear.B. Memorized presentations.1. Often discouraged.a. Reduces reception of feedback.b. Delivery is stiff and stilted.c. Difficult to ad lib.2. Some memorization is helpful.a. Memorize introduction and conclusion.b. Memorize key phrases.C. Manuscript presentation.1. Appropriate contexts.a. Highly formal situations.b. When precise timing is important.2. Problems a. Interferes with direct communication.b. Few people read well.c. Difficult to maintain eye contact.D. Extemporaneous presentationV. Practicing for speech presentation. -Remember to appear naturalA. Presentation outline. -Remember direct quotes only when can’t be said any other way. No other need for word for word notes.B. Mental rehearsal.C. Oral practice.1. Distributed practice. -brief practices over time is better2. Massed practice -long practices right beforeD.
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