Speech Communication 100Adler – Chapter 6Understanding IPR’sIntroduction of Main Topics- Characteristics of Interpersonal Relationships- Intimacy in Interpersonal Relationships- Knapp’s Developmental Model- Relational Development and Maintenance- Self-Disclosure in Interpersonal RelationshipsCharacteristics of Interpersonal Relationships - Elements of Defining Interpersonalo Number of people involvedo Quality verses quantityo Qualitative Definition – “Interpersonal communication occurs when people treat one another as unique individuals, regardless of the context in which the interaction occurs or the number of people involved.- Content & Relational Messageso Content messages – focus on the subject being discussedo Relational messages – statements about how the parties feel toward one another Deal with one or more social need- Inclusion- Control- Affection- Respect - Both verbal and nonverbal cues (Remember that nonverbal communication is often very ambiguous. - Metacommunication – Communication about communication (Talking about relational communication issues).Intimacy in Interpersonal Relationships- The struggle between intimacy and distance- Qualities of Intimacy – Being close to another persono Physical – touch (mother/child)o Intellectual sharing o Emotion – exchanging important feelingso Shared activities- Male and Female Intimacy Styleso Women are more likely to share their thoughts and feelingso Highest level of disclosure is between women- Culture and Intimacyo Level of intimacy to express differs from culture to cultureo Japanese have higher levels of intimacy in their friendships than do Americanso Americans have higher levels of intimacy in their romantic relationships than do Japanese.o U.S. has the highest level of disclosure Knapp’s Developmental Model- Breaks down the rise and fall of relationships into ten stages- Focus on intimate romantic relationships and close friendshipso Initiating – initial contact with othero Experimenting – Small talk, pleasant, uncritical, low levels of commitmento Intensifying – Development of Interpersonal Relationship Expression of feelings Time increased Tokens of affection are given Flirting Touching increases “We” begins o Integrating - - Social Units - Time increases (Family activities) - Joint possessions - Behavior and language begin to merge - Obligation becomes apparent o Bonding - Symbolic public gestures - Social support for the relationship o Differentiating - Re-establishment of Individual Identities - Space and privacy become important o Circumscribing - Communication quality and quantity decreases - Shrinking of interest and commitment o Stagnating - Routine behavior - Loss of feeling - Lost enthusiasm o Avoidingo TerminatingRelational Development and Maintenance - Incompatible Goals – Dialectical Modelso Dialectical Tensions – conflicts that arise when tow opposing or incompatible forces exist simultaneously Connection versus autonomy Predictability versus novelty Openness versus Privacy- How to deal with Dialectical tensionso Denial – least functionalo Disorientation – unable to confront problemso Selection – respond to one end of the dialectical tension and ignore the othero Alternation – alternate between ends of the spectrumo Segmentation – partners compartmentalize different areas of their relationshipo Moderation – compromiseo Reframing – redefine the situation so that the tension or contradiction is goneo Reaffirmation – realizing that the tension will not disappear, find ways to deals with it and embrace differences- Relationships are constantly changing- Relationship always moves to a new place (It is never exactly the same)Self-Disclosure in Interpersonal Relationships- Self Disclosure – the process of deliberately revealing information about oneself that is significant and that would not normally be known by others- Social Penetration Model o The more we know someone generally the more information that we will disclose to themo Increase in breadth (range of subjects)o Increase in depth (level of info being shared)- The Johari Window Model of Self-Disclosureo Open – Known to self and othero Blind – Known to others but not selfo Hidden – Known to self but not otherso Unknown – Unknown to self and others- Characteristics of Self-Disclosureo Influenced by cultureo Usually occurs in dyadso Usually symmetricalo Increases over timeo High levels of Self-Disclosure are rareo Relatively scare - Guidelines for Appropriate Self-Disclosureo Importance of other persono Risko Amount and Type appropriateo Relevant to the situationo Reciprocatedo Constructiveo Clear and
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