Myth final exam study guide o Nile River The Nile River flows south to north and it floods annually This provides rich soil and fertility it is the life giving source for much of Egypt In it there are six cataracts shallow stretches that make it impossible for a boat to pass through o Nu Nun from the Heliopolitan creation myth He is the god whose name means abyss He is a bi natural god the primordial waters of chaos He later exists on the edges of the universe and surrounds the life bubble o Atum from the Heliopolitan creation myth He was self created some time before time and space but we see him appear on the mound that arose out of the water He is a creative force that is associated with the setting and evening sun This shows us that he is the patron god of Heliopolis sun city in Greek o Shu from the Heliopolitan creation myth He is the god of air produced by Atum There are differing ideas on how Shu was created One thought is that he was created by masturbation The other idea proposes that he was created by sneezing Shu sounds like sneezing onomatopoeia Along with Tefnut he produces Geb and Nut He is a part of the Ennead o Tefnut from the Heliopolitan creation myth She is the goddess of moisture There are differing ideas on how Tefnut was creating One thought is that she was created by masturbation The other idea proposes that she was created by spitting Tefnut sounds like spitting onomatopoeia Along with Shu she produces Geb and Nut She is a part of the ennead o Ennead from the Heliopolitan creation myth This is made up of 9 gods Atum Shu Tefnut Geb Nut Isis Osiris Seth and Nephthys o Ptah from the Memphite creation myth He is the craftsman god the patron god of Memphis which is the center of royal craft shops In this myth Ptah creates the entire world including the ennead When Ptah forms the ideas in his heart his mind and are pronounced by the tongue they are formed This myth focuses on intellectual creation rather than physical creation o Osiris from Plutarch s Isis and Osiris Osiris was the brother of Seth Isis and Nephthys and was a part of the Ennead He was the king of Egypt who was later overthrown by Seth and succeeded by his son Horus He married Isis and civilizes the entire known world through persuasion by giving them arts and laws At a party being thrown for Osiris he gets into a chest made by Seth to see if he will fit When he gets in it Seth nails it shut and sends it to sea on the Nile The chest later washes up in Byblos where it gets enveloped in the brush and a tree actually grows up around it That tree is cut down by the royal family to be used in a pillar of the palace Isis finds it and has sex with Osiris corpse producing their son Horus Seth then cuts up his corpse into pieces and scatters him Once he is reassembled Isis performs rites for his eternal life and he is then king of the Underworld o Isis from Plutarch s Isis and Osiris Isis was the sister of Seth Osiris and Nephthys and was a part of the ennead She was the wife of Osiris who was king of the gods When Osiris is locked in the chest made by Seth and goes missing she searches for him After asking many she is directed towards Byblos She gets close to the royal family there and even raises the queen s baby burning away the child s mortality When Isis is discovered she reveals herself and they take the pillar holding Osiris corpse in the chest out of the palace She has sex with his corpse and bears their son Horus When Seth cuts up the corpse she goes on a quest to find it and reassemble it She finds all pieces except the phallus this is an important symbol because she is generally associated with fertility She reanimates Osiris and performs rites for his eternal life o Seth from Plutarch s Isis and Osiris He is the brother of Osiris who overthrew him He was a trickster god of chaos and violence originally associated with deserts and storms He creates a chest the size of Osiris him into getting in it at a party thrown for Osiris return from the mortal world Seth nails it shut when Osiris gets in and he sends it down the Nile to eventually land in Byblos After Isis finds it and tries to hide it from Seth he finds it and cuts the body in 14 pieces scattering them throughout the Nile swamps Later when Isis claims Horus as heir to the throne Seth and Horus battle in the court of the Underworld Horus is awarded the throne over Seth o Byblos from Plutarch s Isis and Osiris This is the city in which the chest that Osiris corpse is in lands at o Horus from Plutarch s Isis and Osiris Son of Isis and the corpse of Osiris Battles for the throne with Seth in the court of the Underworld and is eventually awarded the throne Kings of Egypt later become the avatar of Horus and model themselves after him It is believed that Pharaoh s were the incarnation of Horus Horus was depicted as a falcon falcon headed man associated with the sun sky war and protection His name Hor means falcon and the Distant one There are two representations of him as a child and as an adult the sun is the right eye and moon is the left eye He hovers over and protects Pharaoh o Re from Deliverance of Mankind from Destruction myth also known as Ra Egyptian word for sun hence why Ra is the midday sun god often a creator god He is overall the most important god in Ancient Egypt He is often associated with merged with other gods and depicted with the solar disk surrounded by coiled serpents His female counterpart Eye of Re is always looking down on mankind and has a more violent nature takes care of all violent needs of Re It says that humans were formed from the tears of Re s eye Re is associated with the creation off seasons months and other living creatures Humans plotted against Re so he send Eye to destroy them The Eye morphs into Hathor who slews mankind in the desert and then merges into Sekhmet Re then has second thoughts about it and has red beer poured out on desert Sekhmet gets drunk and can t fulfil her duty o Khepri scarab dung beetle from the Heliopolitan and Memphite creation myths Khepri is a depiction of Re in the morning The ball of dung held over the beetle s head resembles that of the orb of the sun horns that is linked to female sexuality and motherhood sometimes seen as mother or wife of falcon god Horus Her name even …
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