1"Springer""Ancient Myth Study Guide Midterm Exam 1 "Theogony(I.1)(I.2)(I.3)(I.6)"Hesiod'–"Hymnn"to"Muses,"inspire"Hesoid"to"write."Reverse"Genealogy"form."2nd"Invocation"is"condensed"genealogy"from"Giaa"to"Zeus."3rd"invocation"is"a"full"genealogy"from"Chaos"and"Giaa"to"Zeus."Cronos"castrates"Ouranos."Birth"of"Aphrodite."(I.2)"Cronos"is"swallows"each"of"his"children,"Rhea"saves"Zeus"with"aid"of"Giaa,"Cronos"swallows"st one." Zeus"enlists"help"of"hundredJhanded"gods"to"help"him"overthrow"Cronos"and"Titans."Zeus"used"Thunderbolts,"defeats"titans,"puts"them"in"Tartraus"(center"of"Earth)."(I.3)"Prometheus"is"punished"by"Zeus"(Liver"eaten"over"and"over)"because"he"tricks"Zeus,"but"Zeus"knew"it"was"a"trick."Prometheus"gives"mortals"fire,"Zeus"is"upset,"gives"them"Women"(Pandora)."(I.6)"After"Titan"war,"Zeus"is"made"king."In"order"to"prevent"succession"myth,"he"swallows"Metis"(who"is"a"water"deity)"to"prevent"her"from"having"children."Giaa"bears"Typhoeus,"who"is"the"father"of"all"monsters,"to"dethrone"Zeus."Zeus"defeats"him"with"lightening"bolt,"scorching"the"Earth"in"the"process.""Works,and,Days(I.4)(I.6)"Hesiod"–"(I.4)"Details"Prometheus"giving"fire"to"mortals,"Zeus"is"furious,"creates"Women"(Pandora)"which"is"created"by"combining"gift"from"each"god."Pandora"acted"as"a"sort"of"Trojan"horse,"and"once"she"got"down"to"Earth,"she"opened"her"“jar”"which"released"countless"evils"onto"the"world."She"opened"the"box"out"of"curiosity,"not"as"a"malicious"act."(I.6)"Details"five"races"of"man."Golden"Race:"Cronos"timeJlike"gods"–"eternal"youth."Silver"Race"–"Child"for"100"years,"sinned,"no"sacrifice"to"gods,"thus"destroyed."Bronze"Race"–"Ash"trees,"Ares,"got"in"a"war"and"killed"off"each"other."Heroes:"Thebes,"Troy,"Isles"of"Blest,"grain"3"times"a"year."Iron"Age:"No"restJ"all"toil"–"no"agreement"among"people"–"men"dishonor"parents"–"no"justice.""Timaeus,(I.16)"Plato"–"God"is"good"and"wanted"creation"to"be"like"him."Intelligence"is"better"than"unintelligence,"so"world"must"have"intelligence,"because"we"have"souls."Plato’s"Demiurge"creates"cosmos."Very"abstract,"Monotheistic,"used"Water,"Air,"Fire,"and"Earth"to"create"universe."""Metamorphoses"(I.17)"(I.18)"(I.20)"(I.21)"Ovid"–"God"ended"Strife."God"is"unknown,"no"identity."Came"from"Chaos."Earth,"water,"air,"fire"molds"together"globe."Distinguished"climate"zones."(I.18)"Told"of"Four"Ages"of"man:"Golden;"Naturally"good,"no"evil."Silver;"Farming"is"necessary,"yet"life"is"still"happy."Bronze;"Cruelty,"war,"but"no"crimes."Iron;"Ruthless,"lying,"snakes,"violence."(I.19)"Giants"attack"Olympus"by"piling"up"mountains."Zeus"Strikes"through"Olympus"with"lightening"and"giants"are"buried"under"mountains."Giaa"uses"Giants"blood"to"form"new"race"of"human"as"“souvenir”."Story"of"giants"is"told"to"show"that"heaven"was"as"2"Springer""unsafe"as"Earth."(I.20)"Lycaon."Jupiter"calls"meeting"of"Gods,"gives"flashback."Jupiter"visited"Lycaon"who"gave"him"terrible"dinner."Lycaon"is"turned"into"wolf,"his"house"is"burned."Some"gods"assent"to"Jupiter’s"decision"to"destroy"Earth,"others"complain"about"loss"of"humans"as"slaves."(I.21)"Jupiter’s"Flood."Jove"avoids"the"fire"because"he"fears"burning"down"heaven,"goes"with"Flood."At"Phocis,"Deucalion"and"Pyrrha"survive"as"only"woman"and"man"left."They"(D+P)"ask"aid"of"oracle"to"tell"them"how"to"save"humanity."They"used"their"mother’s"bones"and"stones,"thrown"over"their"shoulder,"and"every"stone"they"through"turned"into"man/woman."Animals"were"spontaneously"produced."Restoration"of"animal"life"is"from"“Harmony"of"discord”"which"is"fire"working"w/"water.""Enuma"Elish"(II.1)–"Describes"creation"of"Marduk."Tiamat"and"Apsu"(Saltwater"and"Freshwater)"are"primordial"beings."They"had"many"children,"Apsu"said"that"the"nose"of"the"children"was"keeping"him"up"at"night,"so"he"consulted"with"the"Vizer"(High"official)(Mummu)"who"gave"permission"to"kill"them."Tiamat."Ea,"who"was"all"wise,"knew"of"the"plan,"and"killed"Apsu"while"he"was"sleeping,"then"killed"Mummu."Ea"gave"birth"to"Marduk,"and"was"overjoyed"with"the"power"and"wisdom"Marduk"had."The"Annnuaki"(Children"of"Lahrama"and"Lahnu)"convinced"Tiamat"that"she"never"to"Avenge"Apsu,"thus"Timat"created"an"army,"and"bore"Kingu,"whom"she"elevated"to"King."Kingu"has"the"tablet"of"destinies"which"gave"him"magical"powers."Ea"learns"that"Tiamat"is"preparing"for"battle,"and"asks"grandfather"if"she"may"retaliate,"he"consents."Marduk"agrees"to"help"with"the"batt
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