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Final Exam Review SheetTitles and CulturesThe Epic of Gilgamesh: Babylonian“The Tale of Buluqiya” (from The Thousand and One Nights): Arabian“The Story of Sidi-Nouman” (from The Thousand and One Nights): Arabian“The Story of Nadilla”: ArabianThe Iliad, Homer: GreekBeowulf: Anglo-SaxonThe Prose Edda, Snorri Sturluson: Norse/Scandinavian“The Protestation of Guiltlessness”: EgyptianIsis and Osiris, Plutarch: Egyptian or Greek (an Egyptian work by a Greek author)Nergal and Ereshkigal: BabylonianDescent of Ishtar to the Underworld: BabylonianThe Odyssey, Homer: GreekReview TermsGilgamesh- King of Uruk, the strongest of men, and the personification of all human virtues. A brave warrior, fair judge, and ambitious builder, Gilgamesh surrounds the city of Uruk with magnificent walls and erects its glorious ziggurats, or temple towers. Two-thirds god and one-third mortal, Gilgamesh is undone by grief when his beloved companion Enkidu dies, and by despair at the prospect of his own extinction. He travels to the ends of the Earth in search of answers to the mysteries of life and death.Lugalbanda- Third king of Uruk after the deluge (Gilgamesh is the fifth). Lugulbanda is the hero of a cycle of Sumerian poems and a minor god. He is a protector and is sometimes called the father of Gilgamesh.Ninsun- The mother of Gilgamesh, also called the Lady Wildcow Ninsun. She is a minor goddess, noted for her wisdom. Her husband is Lugulbanda.Nintu/Belet-ili/Mami- The people of Uruk pray to Nintu to save them from the oppression of Gilgamesh. Creates Enkidu to make Gilgamesh a better person.Uruk- Gilgamesh’s kingdom. Epic flood and plagues occur there.Enkidu- Companion and friend of Gilgamesh. Hairy-bodied and brawny, Enkidu was raised by animals. Even after he joins the civilized world, he retains many of his undomesticated characteristics. Enkidu looks much like Gilgamesh and is almost his physical equal. He aspires tobe Gilgamesh’s rival but instead becomes his soul mate. The gods punish Gilgamesh and Enkidu by giving Enkidu a slow, painful, inglorious death for killing the demon Humbaba and the Bull of Heaven.Shamhat- The temple prostitute who tames Enkidu by seducing him away from his natural state. Though Shamhat’s power comes from her sexuality, it is associated with civilization rather than nature. She represents the sensuous refinements of culture—the sophisticated pleasures of lovemaking, food, alcohol, music, clothing, architecture, agriculture, herding, and ritual.Humbaba- The fearsome demon who guards the Cedar Forest forbidden to mortals. Humbaba’s seven garments produce an aura that paralyzes with fear anyone who would withstand him. He isthe personification of awesome natural power and menace. His mouth is fire, he roars like a flood, and he breathes death, much like an erupting volcano. In his very last moments he acquires personality and pathos, when he pleads cunningly for his life.Shamash- The sun god, brother of Ishtar, patron of Gilgamesh. Shamash is a wise judge and lawgiver.Ishtar- The goddess of love and fertility, as well as the goddess of war. Ishtar is frequently called the Queen of Heaven. Capricious and mercurial, sometimes she is a nurturing mother figure, and other times she is spiteful and cruel. She is the patroness of Uruk, where she has a temple.Bull of Heaven- The bull comes down from the sky, bringing with him seven years of famine to punish Gilgamesh. Anu’s father. Killed by Gilgamesh and EnkiduMt. Mashu- One of the places Gilgamesh travels through on his way to see Utnapishtim. It has a valley that is eternally dark, and it is inhabited by a scorpion-man and his wife.Siduri- The goddess of wine-making and brewing. Siduri is the veiled tavern keeper who comforts Gilgamesh and who, though she knows his quest is futile, helps him on his way to Utnapishtim.Ur-shanabi- The guardian of the mysterious “stone things.” Urshanabi pilots a small ferryboat across the Waters of Death to the Far Away place where Utnapishtim lives. He loses this privilege when he accepts Gilgamesh as a passenger, so he returns with him to Uruk.Buluqiya/Bulukiya- Person who goes on a fool's quest for immortality in 1001 nights, fails miserably. But is saved by Jinn and taken to the Garden of Sahkr and is then returned home.Shahriar- Sultan, was a good sultan until his wife, the Sultaness, commits adultery and then after that he marries a virgin, sleeps with her, and then kills her; Shahrazad/Scheherazade tells him stories, he becomes humanizedShahrazad/Scheherazade- Hero, vizier's daughter, volunteers to marry Shahriar, aims to stop him from murdering virgins, begins to tell him a story but doesn't finish it, finish it the next day and then tell another half of a story... continues for 1001 nights, eventually Shahrair becomes humanized and stops killing, thus Shahrazad succeededSulaiman- The prophet who holds the ring that whoever obtains it is the lord of all men in Arabian myth; buried in the Isle of Seven Seas in the story of BuluqiyaAffan- A wise and worthy old man in the "Tale of Buluqiya. He guides Prince Bulluqiya to the Kingdoom of Queen Yamlika in the Arabian mythQueen Yamlika- Lives in the undergroud, gives Affen and Buluqiya the plant sap they need to walk on water. Try to convince them not to go after the ringmuttaliku- Means a Wanderer. Ghost that got out of the underworld.Ekimmu- Restless and hungry spirits; one of the oldest vampire creaturesAmina- Wife of Sidi-Nouman and magician. Turned into a horse by Sidi-Nouman.Nadilla- She was a beautiful vampire from the Tale of Nadilla who marries the mortal man, Abdul-Hassan. Won't share a meal with him. She later tries to kill her husband.Sidi-Nouman- Main character and husband of Amina. Turned into a dog by Amina.Homer- Greek poet, author of the Iliad and The Odyssey Iliad- Written by Homer, epic poem about the city of Troy and the Trojan WarTrojan War- War between the Greeks and the Trojans. Began because the prince of Troy wins Helen away from Menelaus.Judgment of Paris- A contest between the three most beautiful goddesses of Olympos (Aphrodite, Hera and Athena) for the prize of a golden apple addressed to "the fairest". The threegoddesses appearing before the shepherd prince, each offering him gifts for favor. Aphrodite offered him most beautiful girl, Hera offered to make him King of Europe and Asia, Athena offered him wisdom. He chose Aphrodite, swayed by her promise to bestow


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FSU CLT 3378 - Final Exam Review Sheet

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