CLT3378- EXAM 2 STUDY GUIDEPandoraPandora According to Hesiod Pandora means “all (pan) gifts (dora)”. Has a box, but we think it’s actually a jar, of evils. Works and Days Written by Hesiod. It is didactic, or moral, and teaches you how to be a good person and how to live your life in a good way.Didactic Also stands for moral. Teaches you something, like how to be a good person. Misogynistic There was a misogynistic strain in Greek culture. This came from “hating women” – mis=hate Hephaistos/Hephaestus blacksmith god that forms woman out of clay and water. In greek mythology Hephaistos is one of the 2 creator gods. Epimetheus Prometheus’ brother. Accepts gifts from Zues although Promotheus’ warns him not to.Pyxis “box” . That’ how we got Pandora’s Box although it should be jar.Pithos “jar”. There was a mistranslation, Pandora’s Box should’ve been Pandora’s Jar. Jar filled with evils and hope.Hope we wonder why hope is in the jar of evils. Hesiod doesn’t explain whyit is there. When Pandora puts the lid of the jar back on, hope is trapped n the jar.kalonkakon “beautiful evil” term used by Hesiod to describe women.Myth of the Races shows the ages. Explains the devolution of people. Race of Heroes Race of heroes is seen in myth of the races. There is no decline, it does not fit. PrometheusTitans binatural gods. 12 children of Gaia and Ouranos.Iapetos Iapetos is a titan. According to Hesiod, he is the father of Prometheus.Gaia Earth goddess. Ouranos mate, produce titans.Ouranos Sky god. Mates with Gaia to produce the titans. Atlas Sky supporter. One of Prometheus’ brother. Punished by Zeus.Menoitios another brother of Prometheus. We don’t know much about him. Thrown into Tartaros.Mecone Place of Prometheus’ sacrifice trick. The men and gods divide up the ox to decide who gets what. Prometheus wraps bones in fat (apparently good) and wraps the meat in the ox stomach (apparently bad) so Zues ends up getting the bones.Sicyon another word for Mecone. Prometheus’ sacrifice trick with the ox happens here.fennel6stalk a pith Prometheus uses to steal the fire. He then gives that stolenfire to men.Aeschylus wrote Prometheus Bound. Shows Prometheus as a culture hero and Zeus as a tyrant.Prometheus Bound over 200 years after Hesiod. In the same Greek culture asHesiod.culture6hero a mythological hero specific to some group who changes the world through invention or discoveryEnki/Ea spheres of influence – cleverness/wisdom, fresh water. Trickster god associated with human creation.Metis an early mate of Zues. “cleverness” cf. ThetisThetis sea nymph. Zeus marries Thetis to mortal bc of the prophecy that his son will be stronger than him. But if it’s a son of a mortal man he doesn’t care.Typhoios/Typhon Fire breathing dragon. Thetis is compared to Typhoios.Metallurgy tools. Men used fire to make tools.Prometheus Unbound written by Aeschylus. Aeschylus considers Zeus has an insecure abusive tyrant.Kratos “power”. Binatural god. Zeus’ henchman since he is a tyrant king.Bia binatural god of “force”. Zeus’ henchmen since he is a tyrant king.Okeanids “ids” mean daughters of. They are the daughters of Okeanos (oceans).Okeanos god of the oceans. Father of Okeanids. Tries telling Prometheus that Zues isn’t bad, he’s the king, and he should listen to him. Io Zeus transforms Io into a cow to stay hidden from Hera, Zeus’ wife. Hera finds out and sends a gadfly to sting the cow that is Io.Background Reading 7 (Prometheus Bound)Athens Athens is a city-state also known as the Greek polis. Athens lost in a war with Sparta. Agonistic Means “competitive”. The Ancient Greek culture as a whole was intensely agonistic.Tragedy tragedy seems to have been largely an Athenian invention. Tragedy was a prominent aspect in Greek literature.satyr6play a Satyr play is a comic play involving satrys. The stories upon which the plays were based were almost always mythological. Trilogy a set of 3 pieces of work that are connected. Aeschylus’ play Prometheus Bound was part of a trilogy of tragedies.Sophocles Athenian tragedian. His plays have survived.Raven and CoyoteNative American Raven and Coyote were Native American tricksters. The Native Americans are the first to have oral stories rather than literary stories. Raven Trickster god. Raven creates the world and distributes the sun and moon to people.Tlingit Pronounced “klinkit”. The Tlingit people lived in Alaska and NW Canada.Nass6River Origin of Tlingit. Thought that their people may have originaitedaround the Nass River.Kit-ka’ositiyi-qa Father of Raven. Allows raven himself to create the world. Petrel Spring. Controls all the water and all the fog in the world at this spring.Coyote western trickster. Coyote is of the Klamath people. Plays dice with thunder and is cheating to win.Klamath Fire. Thunder keeps fire in a big white rock.Thunder has fire in a big white rock. Throws it at Coyote to kill him but it ended up being only Coyote’s skin.AnansiWest Africa Anasia was a west African trickster. Most slaves sold in America came from West Africa; they brought with them stories about Anansi.Anansi “spider”. Trickster god. Stores about Anansi came from the slaves of West Africia.Nyame Also called onyame. Sky god. Some scholars thing that Nyame and Anansi were the same.Kweku/Kwaku6Anansi Anansi as a man. Day-name. Kweku means “born on Wednesday”.Mmoboro hornets. Anansi pours water on the hornets nest and tells him it’s raining and they need to take shelter in a hollowed out gourd he’s holding. The go in the gourd and he has them captured.Onini Python. Tricks python by measuring his length to a stick. Ties him up and has him captured.Osebo leopard. Traps osebo in a hole, tells him he’d help him out but ties Osebos tail to a tree and kills him.Okyeami linguist. Anansi, the spider, is a symbol of linguist.Baduasemanpensa Nyame’s daughter. Anyone who finds out her secret name can marry her. Anansi finds out but the lizard says it and wins her hand inmarriage.GilgameshUnug Summerian city. Sumerians were the first human civilizations in Mesopotamia.Akkadian Akkadians came after the Sumerians and were heavily influenced by the
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