Homer writer of Illiad Iliad Greek story of the Trojan war other historic events Trojan War Starts when Helen runs away with Paris Paris Prince of Troy lover of Helen Helen Queen of Sparta ran away with Paris Agamemnon Brother of Menelaus King of Mycenae Leader of Greek forces Achilles greatest warrior Part god Menin rage geras gerata prizes spoils tim honor kleos glory Chryses priest of Apollo Chryseis must be returned to priest of Apollo Briseis woman whom Achilles is with Agamemnon takes her from Achilles Myrmidons Achilles fighting force Greatest warriors Nestor elderly advisor Odysseus tactful clever Part of embassy sent to convince Achilles to fight Phoinix Achilles tutor Part of embassy sent to convince Achilles to fight Ajax Great warrior Part of embassy sent to convince Achilles to fight Thetis Tells Achilles if you kill Hector you will die Patroclus Achilles best friend Hero s second self Sarpedon son of Zeus Lycian prince Scamander River that attacks achilles Deiphobus son of Priam prince of Troy Hector Prince of Troy great warrior killed by Achilles Priam King of Troy Revenant Related Stories Out of The Thousand and One Nights Vampire Spirits of the dead muttaliku wanderer Ekimmu restless hungry spirit Nadilla Vampire who eats husband Abdul Hassan Husband of Nadilla who gets eaten The Prince and the Ghoul Story of Indian lady about a ghoul who eats humans Amine Story about husband married to a ghoul who catches her and he is turned into a dog Prose Edda story written by snorri sturluson Goals to preserve Norse myths poetry Snorri Sturluson Islandic Author writer of Prose Edda sir main gods Odin king of gods Thor storm warrior god Vanir fertility gods Frey god fertility of earth Freyja goddess sexual desire Asgard Where gods live Odin king of gods Thor storm warrior god J tnar giants related to gods frost giants Jotnar in Norse mythology Ymir Frost Giant Odin makes world from his body Midgard home of humans Utgard home of giants Asgard home of sir Bifrost Rainbow Bridge Yggdrasil World Tree Valhalla Where Odin rules death realm Valkyries training for Ragnarok daily battle Ragnarok End of the world prophecy When gods die Saehrimnir Boar that is feasted on Heidrun Goat mead is made from Sleipnir Odin s Horse Ravens Give Odin news Loki trickster god shape shifter father of Sleipnir Fenrir Son of Loki wolf Jormungand Puts sea around earth Midgard Serpent Kills Thor killed by Thor Hel Souls from underworld Baldr survivor god of Ragnarok Surt Burns earth in Ragnarok Heimdall Kills Loki in Ragnarok Hod survivor god of Ragnarok Lif 1 of 2 human survivors of Ragnarok Lifthrasir 1 of 2 human survivors of Ragnarok Kurnugi land of no return Kur mountain Ereshkigal queen of underworld has palace at underworld s entrance Ganzir palace at underworld s entrance gallas demons gallas drag a few spirits below gidim wander earth haunt living Namtar son vizier messenger of Ereshkigal Nergal god of plague flood war fertility Erra assimilated with Nergal Amarna site in Egypt Sultantepe site in Assyria Ishtar Akkadian version of Poem Inana Sumerian version of Poem Dumuzi Ishtar s lover Dying god fertility god Horus distant one assoc with sky falcon god Re sun god creator god Romet humans remit tears of Re s eyes that created humans Eye of Re Created Humans Hathor Name of Eye of Re Sekhmet Merged from hathor Beer Dyed red by Hathor Nun Primordial waters chaos Heliopolis People in Nile river area Atum the all creative force Shu god of air Tefnut goddess of moisture Geb earth god Nut sky goddess Osiris Son of Nut Geb Seth Son of Nut Geb Isis Daughter of Nut Geb Nephthys Daughter of Nut Geb Ennead nine gods Atum Shu Tefnut Geb Nut Osiris Isis Seth Nephthys Memphis People around Nile river Ptah craftsman god Patron god of Memphis Plutarch Greek writer Roman Empire duat Egyptian underworld ka life force ba personality of person ba bird for living with breath of life shadow inseparable from person name person as individual akh transfigured soul good afterlife Book of the Dead collection of spells papyrus Mummiform mummies and such Anubis jackal god mummifying god escorts souls of dead Maat Order Truth Amamet Ammit monster Thoth ibis god OR baboon wisdom and writing Protestation of Guiltlessness negative confession if guiltlessness accepted akh is admitted to afterlife Review Questions How are Achilles and Beowulf similar How are they different How do they embody the ideals of their respective cultures Both are great warriors and Heros in their respective societies Both also die eventually A difference is that Beowulf fights for his king where as Achilles fights for himself This could mean that the greeks could have valued indepence more that Norse society who found loyalty more important What are the similarities between the Norse Mesopotamian and Egyptian afterlives What are the differences All believe there is a continuation of life after death and that a body can die while the soul continues to live But Egyptians believed that in order to join the afterlife they must confess their guiltlessness to the gods judging them How do the gods who rule over the afterlife in the different cultures we have studied help to characterize those afterlives It shows how each cultures views death and the afterlife as well as the cosmos as a whole For example the egyptian afterlife of the Fields of paradise and the funeral rights show how the Egyptains viewed the afterlife as a continuation of life How is the Egyptian cosmos similar to the Norse cosmos How are they different They are both the center of the cosmos surrounded by primordial waters In Egyptian cosmos however the gods embody different physical forms sun moon Why is it important to perform the correct funerary rites in Egyptian culture How is this different from Mesopotamian culture It is important so the dead will have everything they need in the afterlife food riches servants while in mesopotamian culture it is a sign of respect to the dead the gods and the family What determines what the afterlife will be like in Norse mythology How is this similar to Egyptian mythology How is it different Depends on how the life was how the funerary rights are performed in both cultures But in Egyptian mythology the afterlife focuses more on how the person lived their life before they died Why are the family relationships of the Egyptian gods important for an understanding of Egyptian mythology How are these relationships different from those of the Mesopotamian
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