Atrahasis and Flood Atrahasis Earliest complete flood myth A 3 tablet Babylonian poem In the poem Atrahasis is the extra wise god and the king of Shuruppak Enki spared this one man Ipiq Aya Believed to be the author or compiler of Atrahasis c 1700 Ellil God s boss Sends plague famine and flood to kill off humans since they are overpopulated and make too much noise for Ellil Mami Nintu Creator goddess that creates humans to do the work of gods Is upset and weeps when Ellil sends flood and destroys her children humans Ilawela Nintu used the blood of a slain god Ilawela and clay to create humans Creates 7 men and 7 women 14 pieces Shuruppak A city in Mesopotamia Atrahasis is the king of it Namtara Enki aka Ea tells Atrhasis to worship only one god Namtara to get them to lift the plague Namtara lifts the Adad Enki Ea tells Atrahasis to worship only one god Adad to lift the famine Goes on worshippers strike and only Reed hut Enki warns Atrahasis of the coming flood by speaking to him through the walls of hid reed hut house New Atrahasis Fragment This new found fragment describes boatbuilding instructions from Enki He tells Atrahasis to plague worships Adad and Adad lifts the famine build a circular boat out of palm fibers Utnapishtim Noah and Flood Epic of Gilgamesh Popular work in Near East 12 cuneiform tablets Tablet 11 contains the flood story Utnapishtim Means he found life He is the king of Shuruppak c f Atrahasis He is the narrator of the flood myth and a survivor of the flood Bitumen Waterproof material put on boat Mt Nimush After 6 days and 7 nights of the flood the boat ran aground on this mountain peak Noah God liked Noah because he was a moralistic man God told Noah of his plan to destroy life and advised him to build a boat cypress wood God told Noah to use cypress wood to build his boat Mt Ararat When the flood ends the boat lands on Mt Ararat From here Noah sends out a raven and 3 doves Berit Hebrew word meaning covenant or treaty Used to describe the alliance between Noah and God after the flood As a sign of the covenant god showed Noah and his family a rainbow Pandora Pandora The first woman created in Hesiod s Theogany Made out of clay and water by Hephaistos blacksmith god Created as a punishment by Zeus for Prometheus stealing fire Name means all gifts Misogynistic Negative towards women There was a misogynistic strain in Greek culture Hephaistos Hephaestus Blacksmith god Created Pandora out of clay and water Epimetheus God whose name appears to mean afterthought His brother Prometheus warns him not to accept gifts from Zeus but he accepts the gift of Pandora Pyxis Means box Refers to a small cosmetic box unlike the one in the story of Pandora Pithos Means jar Refers to a large storage jar about 5 ft in height Is the type of jar Pandora has in the story Made out of clay and decorated Erasmus Mistranslated the word pyxis box for pithos jar in the story of Pandora c 1600 Elpis Means hope Binatural goddess The only thing that stayed in Pandora s jar after she opened it and let all the evils out Kalon kakon Means beautiful evil The term Hesiod gives for a woman not her name just what she is called An oxymoron Myth of the Races Ages Is one of the two explanations Hesiod gives in the Works and Days as to why life is hard Says that with every race of people we get worse and worse Juxtaposed to the explanation that life is hard because Pandora brought all the evils into the world Satyr play A comic play that makes fun of some mythological subject May be depicted on a vase that features Pandora as a statue with men dressed as satyrs Satyrs Featured in satyr plays as bestial hyper drunk and hypersexual Shown as part horse and later as part goat Anesidora Means she who sends gifts up in Greek Named on a vase that may depict Pandora as an object or earth goddess Prometheus Prometheus Greek trickster god Is a culture hero because he gives gift of fire to humans to help build civilization Son of the Titan Iapetos Titans Children of Gaia and Ouranos Zeus is a Titan so Prometheus and Zeus are cousins Iapetos Father of Prometheus He is a Titan Gaia Mated with Ouranos to produce titans Grandmother of Prometheus Earth goddess Ouranos Mated with Gaia to produce Titans Grandfather to Prometheus Atlas One of Prometheus brothers Is the sky supporter has to hold up the sky as a punishment from Zeus Menoitios One of Prometheus brothers Is thrown into Tartaros as a punishment by Zeus Mecone Another name for Sicyon There was a feast here and the men and gods had to divide up the ox and decide what part goes to the gods and what part goes to humans Sicyon An ancient Greek city in which the feast that Prometheus tricked Zeus took place fennel stalk A fennel stalk is a pith It is used to transport fire Prometheus uses this to steal fire Aeschylus A different version of the story of Prometheus In this version Zeus is shown as a tyrant and Prometheus is persecuted by Zeus for helping humans not stealing Also there is no mention of Pandora in this version Prometheus Bound A part of a trilogy Written by Aeschylus Shows Prometheus in a heroic light and Zeus as a tyrant culture hero A mythological hero who transforms himself and the world around him Prometheus is a culture hero moira Means a fate In Prometheus Bound Prometheus refuses to tell Zeus a fate that he knows Zeus really wants to know the fate Thetis A sea nymph that Zeus wants to sleep with The fate is that the son of Thetis will be stronger than his father Zeus marries Thetis to a mortal man and avoids the fate Metallurgy Tools With fire humans were able to make tools Prometheus Unbound A fragmentary section of the trilogy It may show that Prometheus was released and reconciled his differences with Zeus Bia Means Force One of Zeus henchmen They order Hephaistos to chain Prometheus to a cliff Kratos Means Power One of Zeus henchmen They order Hephaistos to chain Prometheus to a cliff Hermes Zeus lackey messenger Tells Prometheus to tell of the fate or Zeus will blast you and the cliff Okeanids Daughters of Okeanos They are nymphs They make up the chorus in the play Okeanos The fresh water river encircling earth He sympathizes with Zeus Typhoios Typhon Similar to Prometheus in that he was persecuted by Zeus Zeus had trapped him with his thunderbolts and threw him into Tartaros Io Io had been seduced by Zeus and turned into a cow by him to hide her from his wife Hera She was followed around by Argos which Hera had sent to watch her and a
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