List of Terms for Test 3 Oedipus (Greek mythology)Oedipus-Son of king and queen of thebes (Laios and Jocasta)Laios-Legitimate father of Oedipus, is killed by Oedipus, King of ThebesJocasta-Legitimate mother of Oedipus, marries Oedipus after husband is killed, queen of thebesThebes-Origin of Oedipus, land Laios and Jocasta rule oveDelphic oracle-oracle of Apollo at Delphi, tells Oedipus he will kill his father and marry mother which causes Oedipus to leave Corinth to save his “parents”Apollo-god of fire/light that gives prophecies to Oedipus and creonDelphi-location of “Delphic” oracleMerope-married to polybos and lives in Corinth, a shepherd gives her/husband Oedipus to take care ofPolybos-marrid to merope and lives in Corinth, a shepherd gives him/his wife Oedipus to take care ofCorinth-place where merope and polybos live, where they take care of oedipusCreon-when Oedipus comes to Thebes Creon is king, after sphinx is gone he rewards Oedipus with kingship and JocastaSphinx-terrorizes thebes (sphinxes are monsters from near eastern myth), head of woman, body of lion, wings of bird, tests everyone with riddle: “what has one voice, but four legs, then two legs, then three legs?”, riddle is solved by Oedipus so sphinx jumps to her deathSophocles-wrote over 120 plays; we have 7, Athenian tragedianOedipus the King-written by Sophocles in 420s bceAristotle-philosopher (384-322), in Poetics (literary criticism), saw Oedipus the King as model tragedyPoetics-featured philosopher Aristotle, was a literary criticsmHamartia-was viewed as “not a tragic flaw” but it is not the “mistake made be hero of tragedy”Anagnorisis-hero misperceives reality, has a moment of realizationdramatic irony-audience knows more than characters, irony in Oedipus’ wordsTeiresias-blind prophet in Oedipus the King, says Oedipus is murdererChiton-Oedipus uses this to blind himself after he realizes the truthSigmund Freud-austrian psychiatrist (1856-1939), describes Oedipus complex, metaphorical meaning of Oedipus the KingOedipus Complex-sexual desire of song for bother, and jealousy of son forfatherHerodotus-greek historian (485c-425bce), tells of exiled Athenian tyrant hippiasHippias-athenian tyrant, has dream of sex with mother From Paleontology to MythologyFossil-latin, curious or valuable thing that comes out of the groundProtoceratops-skeleton found in the gobi desert by roy chapman Andrews, erosion by wind or rain reveal gold, fossils, white bones, red sand, guarding eggs, beak, frill, pronounced scapula, gour legged bird, protectiveGriffin-ears/horns, flying or hopping, beak, feathers, scale sor fun, folklore elements in storiesMonster of Troy-appeared after flood and depicted as skullCyclops-single central hole:trunk, eye socket, from island in sicily, Cyclops in polyphemus, odysseyBones of Orestes-delphis oracle to the Spartans “bring orestes to your city”, sparked panhellinic bone rush, brought back to Sparta and reburied with great honors Rig VedaRig Veda-oldest literary work of India, composed 1700-1100 bce, written in Sanskrit; rig = praise veda = knowledgeSanskrit-indo-european language, language rig veda was composed inVedic people=composed rig vedaAgni= “fire” (cf. Latin ignis)., binatural thing + god, fire(heat/light)Soma-deified sacred drink, binatural thing +god, hallucinogenic drink, unknown plants, drank by gods, vitality, immortality, poetryIndra-king of gods, god of thunder and war, rain/fertility, avid drinker of soma, poet/seerVritra-dragon/serpent, holds back waters, indra attacks it with thunderbolts, creates rivers, storm god vs dragonTiamat-responsible for sources of water in worldSarama=indra’s dog, tracks down cattlePanis=demons, stole cattle of angirases(family of sages)river Rasa-encircles heaven/earth (gods/humans), demons are beyond itGolden Embryo-unknown creator god, referred to as hiranyagarbha, arises from primordial waters, creates waters, separates earth, sky, creates earth/sky; hymn about creationHiranyagarbha-golden embryo, unknown creator god, hirany = gold, harbha=womb/seed/embryo/eggPrajapati-creator god, featured in later editionPurusha-cosmic giant/primeval male, dismembered by creator god, used to create universe (like Ymir), earth/sky/humans/animals, first sacrificeAditi=female creative force/infinity, gives birth to earth (which bears sky), bears gods, h as 8 sonsDaksha=male creative force, aditi gives birth to him, he gives birth to herMartanda-(sun) is rejected (dies)Yama-king of dead, first mortal to reach death realm (in heaven), path maker for humans, his wife/sister was yamiThree Days of Soma-after cremation, fire burns (3 days) as spirit makes its way to the afterlife, soma is offered Chinese Creation and FloodChinese-has creation/flood myth, questions of heavenShang (or Yin) Dynasty-1766-1123 bceChou Dynasty-1123-221bceHan Dynasty-206-280ceQuestions of Heaven-part of Ch’u Tz’u, has 186 poetic verses, is from 4th c. bce, poses questions about creationCh’u Tz’u-contains Questions of Heaven, written by Ch’u Yuan, may have been official in Ch’u courtCh’u Yuan-author of Ch’u Tz’u, first named poet, may have been official in Ch’u courtCh’u-state in Chou DynastyHun Tun-first element(in creation of cosmos), empty space, dark, wet, images no forms; dark, misty, later seen as confusion/disorderYin-heavy/feminine, becomes earthYang-light/masculine, becomes skyP’an Ku-is also in egg, primeval giant/god/man, coiled antiquity, grows for 18000 years until earth and sky fully formed, body become parts of universe, for example: flesh=land, hair/beard=starsNu Kua-creator goddess, creates humans: aristocrats made from yellow earth, commonos from mud; married to fu his, serpentine lower bodyFu Hsi-married to nu kua, serpentine lower bodies, god/culture hero, invents writing/hunting/fishing/music/fire/cookingKun-trickster god, steals his-jang from gods, killed by gods, yu is born from kun’s bellyhsi-jang= breathing earth, is stolen by Kun from godsYu-culture hero, uses his-jang to stop flood, travels world/repairs itYu walk-happens after yu travels world/repairs it he starts doing his yu walkNorse Creation and AfterlifeNorse-mostly from Iceland, snorri sturluson, includes prose eddaÆsir-Asgard, in war against VanirVanir=fertility gods:Njord-sea god/father of twins Frey and FreyjaNjord-sea god and father of twins frey/freyjaFrey-son of njord, god of fertility of earth, twin of freyjaFreyja-goddess of sexual desire,
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