CLT3378 FINAL EXAM STUDY GUIDEHeroines: Greek Culture, worshipped by women, not mortal or immortalIodama: Greek Culture, saw Athena; turned to stone, ritual fire on altar, Iodama livesPausanias: Greek Culture, traveler who wrote Description of GreeceIno-Leukothea: Greek Culture, first Ino, leaps from cliff after hera instilled madness on her and caused her to boil her son. Sister of Semele (Semele + Zeus = Dionysus) wife of Athamas (kills son because he thought he was a deer)Libyan Heroines: Greek Culture, saved the Argonauts (told them to carry boat)(pay back mother) Heracles created spring with stomp.nymphs: Greek Culture, liminal, not immortal or mortal, Worshipped by women/lower classes.dryads: Greek Culture, tree nymphs, Meliai (ash tree)oreads: Greek Culture, mountain nymphsnaiads: Greek Culture, river or stream nyphmsNereids: Greek Culture, sea nymphs, daughters of NereusHylas: Greek Culture, pulled into spring by nymphs, lover of Heracles, Heracles goes after him (leaves Argonauts)Voyage of the Argonauts: Greek Culture, leader was Jason, greatest heroes = Argonauts, ship was the argo, written by Apollonius of Rhodes , lost HeraclesHesperidean Nymphs: Greek Culture, from the garden of Hesperides in the island of hesperides, magic apples tree, ladon the serpent guards tree, one of Heracles 12 labors, helpful to the Argonauts (show where Heracles spring was made) Adrienne Mayor: folklorist/historian, the first fossil hunters, monster of troy based off observations of dinosaur remains.protoceratops: compared to the griffin, actual remains found, guards eggsgriffin: compared to protoceratops, guards gold, greek culture, half lion half eagleMonster of Troy vase: depicts ketos (monster of troy), monster depicted as skull (because Heracles killed him), attacking chained Andromeda, Cassiopeia boasted Andromeda was more beautiful than nymphs, Poseidon retaliates w/ monstercyclops: compared to mammoths (fossils in ancient Greece), Polythemus lives in Sicily from the Odysseyhominid fever: Bones of big mammals (such as mammoths) thought as Giants (human) (similar bone structure across all mammals)Orestes: son of Agamemnon (king of Mycenae), kills Clytemnestra to avenge his father, chased by furiesPanhellenic bone rush: the search for Orestes bones, after being brought back to Spartaparadoxographers: Apollonius, describing miraculous events Gilgamesh: Babylonian/Mesopotamian culture, son of lugalbanda, 2/3 divine, arrogant, counter part of Enkidu, son of Lugalbanda (mortal deified) and goddess Ninsun. King of Uruk, ravages young women, travels to edge of world, goes on journey for immortality (goes to Utnapishtim), fails sleep test, builds walls of Uruk to become “immortal”, Belit-ili (Nintu/Mami) makes his form perfect, Nintu creates man from clay, kills bull of heaven w/ swordLugalbanda: Babylonian/Mesopotamian culture, father of Gilgamesh, deifiedNinsun: Babylonian/Mesopotamian culture, mother of Gilgamesh, Uruk: Babylonian/Mesopotamian culture, Gilgamesh’s cityEnkidu: Babylonian/Mesopotamian culture, counter part of Gilgamesh, hairy, uncivilized, creates a problem for Uruk by scaring hunters away from animals, Gilgamesh sends a prostitute (Shamhat (temple of Ishtar)), becomes human after sex, loses strength, gains wisdom, rejected by animals, stops Gilgamesh from deflowering bride, leads to epic fight, they become friends (humanize each other), dies after he and Gilgamesh kill Humbaba from curse (illness), Enkidu seizes tail of the bull of heaven Shamhat: Babylonian/Mesopotamian culture, Prostitute sent to Enkidu by GilgameshIshtar: Babylonian/Mesopotamian culture, sends bull of heaven on Gilgamesh after he denied her, causes Enkidu to die after she complains and holds a counsel of the godsHumbaba: Babylonian/Mesopotamian culture, Giant protector of pine forrest, Gilgamesh complains to his mom Ninsun, Ninsun asks Shamash, Shamash sends winds, Humbaba asks for mercy but is killed by Gilgamesh anyway, he curses EnkiduShamash: Babylonian/Mesopotamian culture, Sun God who sends winds to help Gilgamesh kill humbabaBull of Heaven: Babylonian/Mesopotamian culture, monster sent by Ishtar (given by Anu after Ishatar threatened him), killed by Gilgamesh with the help of Enkidu (grabbed tail)Utnapishtim: Babylonian/Mesopotamian culture, flood hero, gives Gilgamesh a test for a chance for immortality, offers plant that restores youth (taken by a snake)Mt. Mashu: Babylonian/Mesopotamian culture, area of the scorpion-men, crossed by Gilgameshscorpion-man: Babylonian/Mesopotamian culture, lives at the ends of earth, darkness, realm of the dead?Siduri: Babylonian/Mesopotamian culture, ale-wife that advices Gilgamesh to cross waters of death Buluqiya: Arabian culture, one of the stories in 300 in The Thousand and one Nights, prince of banu israil, goes on quest to find Queen Yamlika, says spell backwards and accidentally kills AffanThe Thousand and One Nights: Arabian culture,Shahriar: Arabian culture, the crazed sultan who kills his wives until humanized by Scheherazade with stories (including the story of Buluquiya; after a thousand and one nights)Scheherazade (Shahrazad) : Arabian culture, wife of Shahriar, aimed to stop murders, released after humanizing the sultanSulaiman: Arabian culture, prophet who wears the ring, given by angel gabriel, at isles of seven seasYamlika: Arabian culture, Queen that holds the knowledge of all plants, plant that allows people to walk on waterAffan: Arabian culture, wise sage who finds Queen Yamlika, killed by liquid diamond when Buluqiya said spell backwards,Isle of the Seven Seas: Arabian culture, location of Sulaiman, where Affan dies and Buluqiya stays strandedIsle of Golden Flowers: Arabian culture, golden flowers fall and become gold, island is made from a fallen piece of the sunNadilla: Arabian culture, vampire-like, wife of abdul-hassanvampire: Arabian culture, Nadillamuttaliku: Babylonian culture, “wanderer”, underworldly spiritEkimmu: Babylonian culture, hungry restless spirit. Vampire like. “The Prince and the Ghoul” : Arabian culture, revenant in the thousand and one nights, Indian lady, latrine (restroom) of the ghouls “Amine” : Arabian culture, revenant in the thousand and one nights, strange eating habits, graveyard at night folktale types: folktales with similar motifs. AT motif 250 (bloodthirsty revenant), AT motif 251 (vampire), AT tale type 720 (Juniper Tree – mother killed me father ate me), AT tale type 425 (the search
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