Exam 2 Review SheetTitles and CulturesAtrahasis: BabylonianEpic of Gilgamesh (including the story of Utnapishtim): BabylonianGenesis: Israelite/HebrewAnansi Myths: Akan/AshantiThe Theogony, Hesiod: GreekThe Works and Days, Hesiod: GreekPrometheus Bound, Aeschylus: GreekRaven Myths: TlingitCoyote Myths: KlamathGreek Heroes, Heroines, and Nymphs: GreekNixies, Kelpies, Mermaids:ScandinavianGermanWelshScottishGrimms’ Fairy Tales: German“The Crow’s Nest”: Hungarian“The Rose Tree”: English“The Tale of0Tulisa”: IndianCupid and Psyche: Roman0Review Terms0flood hero: The person who survives the floodAtrahasis: Earliest flood myth (older Sumerian version). Babylonian. Atrahasis was the “extra wise” king of Shuruppak, favored of EaIgigi: led by Ellil, have to do the work of the gods before humans were createdEllil: Leader of the gods, but beneath Marduk. Decides to kill of the humans because they are too loudEa: decided to create humans out of Ilawela and clay, also saves humans through addressing the “reed hut” that Atrahasis was standing behind and telling him how to survive the floodIlawela: god that was killed, his blood and flesh was mixed with clay by Nintu in order to create humans.Nintu: Mother goddess, creator of humans. Shuruppak: Town/city that Atrahasis was king of.Coracle: a woven, circular reed boat that Atrahasis and Utnapishtim use to survive the floodUtnapishtim: Flood hero, also King of Shuruppak. Exceedingly wise. Name means “he found a life”. Was told to bring silver, gold, all living things, and craftsmen onto the coracle. Gains immortality after survivingImhullu-wind: was used to create the world in the Enuma Elish but is now used to destroy it.Mt.0Nimush: Noah:Genesis 6-9 flood hero, builds an ark, saves his immediate family and 2 of every type of animalYahweh: God in Bible, sees the earth as corrupt except for Noah, who is the only 'blameless' man. Sends the flood to cleanse the worldMt.0Ar’arat: Mountain that the ark lands on once the flood waters begin to recede.0trickster: a clever figure who is often able to shape-shift, amoral, deceitful, a liminal figure, and transforms themselves and the world around them.liminal0figure: A figure who fails to fit neatly into a single category. For example, a demigod is part god and part mortal.Akan: West African people from whom we get the Anansi storiesAnansi: Trickster figure of the Akan. Is a liminal figure who is a friend of the gods, takes the form of a human at times and at other times the form of a spider.Kweku0Anansi: Anansi's Day-name. Means “born on Wednesday”Onyame/Nyame: Sky god of the Akan, ruler of the gods. Also called Ananse Kokuroko or “The Great Spider”anansesem:Akan name for stories or folktales. Tales about Anansi are examples of anansesem.okyeami: An Akan linguist, a linguist in the Akan culture would be a royal spokesman.Baduasemanpensa: The secret name of Onyame's daughter, Anansi overhears the name and tells his friend Lizard but he tries to show off at the meeting by playing the name on the atumpan drum. No one can tell what he's trying to say, so Lizard tells everyone the name and is therefore allowed to marry Onyame's daughter.Owoh: The snake that Anansi borrows money from. Anansi frames him for yam theft and claims to have a magic knife that only cuts thieves. He uses the dull side of the blade on everyone else, but the sharp side on Owoh, killing him. Owoh shows his belly to heaven when he dies, which explains why snakes always turn over when they die.0Pandora: Woman created by Zeus as a punishment for the human race. She is formed by Hephaestus from earth, Athena dresses her and teaches her the womanly arts, and is married to Epimetheus.Prometheus: Son of the Titans Iapetos and Clymene, is a clever trickster figure in Hesiod's Theogony. He tricks Zeus into choosing the bones and gristle as the parts of theanimal to burn for the gods and also steals fire for man. Is punished by Zeus for stealing fire by being tied to a pole and an eagle eats his liver daily. Epimetheus: Husband of Pandora and one of the four sons of Iapetos and Clymene. Heis misguided and known more as an 'afterthought'Zeus: King of the gods, storm god, orders the creation of Pandora as punishment to all men for Prometheus giving them fire. He orders Atlas to hold up the sky, Epimetheus to marry Pandora, and Prometheus to be chained and an eagle to eat his liver daily. All to show that he is all-powerfulHephaestus: Also known as the “Limping God”, only god who's form is not perfect. He is the blacksmith of the gods, fashions Pandora out of earth.Athena: Wise goddess, woven cloth and the womanly arts fall under her sphere of influence. She clothes Pandora and teaches her how to weave.Works and Days: Hesiod's second work, contains advice for farmers and explains why humans have to work. Stories in here differ slightly from those within Theogony.Myth of Races: A myth within Works and Days explaining how the human race became what it is today. The first race was golden, they had easy, perfect lives and died only of extreme old age. The second was of silver, they were extremely foolish and never really grew up. The third was the bronze race (thought to be the Melian nymphs, making humans descendents of nymphs) and they were strong, powerful and brutally violent. The fourth race was heroes, sort of like superior humans. The fifth race was iron and was descendents of Greek heroes rather than a whole new creation by the gods. They arethe current race.Aeschylus: Greek man. A great Athenian tragedian. We attribute Prometheus Bound to him but he is probably not the author.Prometheus Bound: Myth of Prometheus' crime. He steals fire in a narthex stem, also known as a fennel stem. He is also a culture hero in that he teaches crafts to men.Moirai: The three goddesses that control both the fates of humans and the fates of gods. Zeus cannot control them. Clotho (“Spinner”, begins the thread of life), Lachesis (“Apportioner of Lots”, determines length of life), and Atropos (“Not Turning Away”, fearless and fearful, cuts the thread and ends life)Io: originally a priestess of Hera, Zeus wants to have sex with her but Hera is jealous and doesn't want him to so she turns Io into a cow and sets Argos (10,000 eyes) to guard her. Hermes kills Argos in his sleep so Hera sends the gadfly (horse fly) to continually bite Io and Argo's ghost to follow her around. Io eventually runs near Prometheus and
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