Nile River : flows south to north, floods annually so the land around is fertile with rich soil de-posits, this brings great wealth to Egypt though exported produce; it secures Egypt making inva-sion difficult and it contains 6 cataractsNu/Nun : (Heliopolitan Creation Myth) god whose name means abyss, bi natural for primordial waters of chaos, later exists on the edges of the universe and surrounds “life bubble”Atum : (Heliopolitan Creation Myth) god who's name means “the all”, creative force; self-cre-ated; appears on heliopolis but had always been there; associated with the sun (setting/evening) and it the patron god of the heliopolis, he produces Shu and Tefnut. In Memphite Cre-ation Myth he is created by Ptah and then created Ennead; part of EnneadShu : (Heliopolitan Creation Myth) god of air who was produced by Atum supposedly though hissneezing; produced Geb (earth god) and Nut (sky goddess) with Tefnut; part of EnneadTefnut : (Heliopolitan Creation Myth) god of moisture created by Atum through spitting; pro-duced Geb (earth god) and Nut (sky goddess) with Shu; part of EnneadEnnead : (Heliopolitan Creation Myth) the first nine Eygptian gods (Atum, Shu, Tefnut, Geb, Nut, Osiris, Seth, Isis, Nephthys)Ptah : (Memphite Creation Myth) craftsman god, patron god of Memphis (center of royal craft shops) Ptah creates the world including Ennead, he created through intellectual creation (cre-ation formed when ideas in his head are pronounced by his tongue), he creates Atum who then created the EnneadOsiris : Created by Atum in both Heliopolitan and Memphite Creation Myths; part of Ennead, (Plutarch’s Isis and Osiris) marries Isis and becomes King of Egypt; civilizes Egypt and known world through persuasion; Seth tricks him into a chest, nails it shut and sends him down the Nile; the chest washes ashore in Byblos; Isis finds the chests and has sex with Osiris’ corpse and bears a son Horus, Osiris’ body is then cut up 14 pieces and scattered throughout the Nile swamp, Isis finds all but the phallus and creates a replica, Osiris becomes king of the under-world and choses Horus as his heir, not SethIsis : Created by Atum in both Heliopolitan and Memphite Creation Myth, daughter of Geb and Nut, sister of Nephthys, Osiris, and Seth; part of Ennead (Plutarch’s Isis and Osiris) She marriesOsiris, searches for the chests Osiris is in and becomes close to the royal family at Byblos, she even raised the queen’s baby and burned away its mortality, she reveals herself to the family and finds the chest hidden in a pillar, she then has sex with the corpse of Osiris and bears a sonnamed Horus; she hides the chests and Seth finds it and cute the body into 14 pieces and scat-ters them, Isis finds all the pieces besides Osiris’ Phallus and creates a replica, she then reani-mates Osiris and performs rights for his eternal life, Isis presents Horus as heir to Osiris’ throne and Horus becomes new kingSeth : Created by Atum in both Heliopolitan and Memphite Creation Myth, brother to Osiris, Isis,and Nephthys, (Plutarch’s Isis and Osiris) Seth marries Nephthys, he is a trickster; god of chaosand violence, originally of desert and storms, he creates a chest the size of Osiris and tricks himinto the chests, he nails the chest shut and sends it out to sea on the Nile where it eventually washes ashore at Byblos, Seth finds the chest after Isis and cuts Osiris’ dead body into 14 pieces and scatters them throughout the Nile swamps; later on he battles Horus in court for Osiris’ heir and losesByblos : (Plutarch’s Isis and Osiris) ancient Phoenician City where the chest washed ashore and was hidden in a pillar on one of the temples there, Isis searches for the chest and becomes close to the royal family at ByblosHorus : (Plutarch’s Isis and Osiris) son of Osiris and Isis, he was conceived when Osiris was dead, he fought Seth in court and became Osiris’ heir, the kings of Egypt become avatars of Ho-rus and they are incarnated of Horus; he is an early Egyptian god dipped as falcon/falcon-headed man and is associated with the sun/sky, war and protection; hor means “falcon” or “the distant one”, he is represented in two ways: as a child and son of Isis and Osiris, and as an adult (falcon) with the sun as his right eye and the moon as his left eye, he hovers over and pro-tects PharaohsRe : Egyptian word for “sun”, sun god and often a creator god, overall most important god in An-cient Egypt, ofter associated/merged with other gods (especially Horus) and often depicted with solar disc surrounded by coiled serpents, solar disc = eye of Re, somewhat separate god: fe-male counterpart (personified by Egyptian goddesses) and has a violent nature; helps Re sub-due his enemies; humans were created by tears of Re’s Eye, associated with creation of sea-sons, months, and other living creatures; often identified with patron god of a city; represents the midday sun; human plot rebellion against Re so he sends his Eye to destroy them; Re has second thoughts about destruction, she orders massive amount of Red dye and mixes it with bear to make 7k jars, Re has red beer poured out where Sekhmet attempts to kill mankind, Sekhmet gets drunk and forgets her duty, humans are saved (Deliverance of Mankind and De-struction)Khepri : depict morning Re as scarab (dung) beetleHathor : Eye of Re morphs in this goddess, cow goddess with horns, linked to female sexuality and motherhood, sometimes viewed as the mother or wife of falcon god Horus, Hathor means “house of Horus”, she slew mankind in the desert, she merges into goddess SekhmetSekhmet : Godess merged with Hathor, lion goddess associated with healing and war, Re changes her mind and has Sekhmet get forget her tasks by getting her drunkBook of the Dead : Collection of magical spells that ensure soul lives on in the afterlife; found in New Kingdom tombs on papyrus included with mummy; for both royal and non-royal dead; proper name is “The Book of Coming Forth by Day”Protestation of Guiltlessness : Part of the Book of the Dead, Deceased in afterlife; negative confession of up to 42 sinsCanaan : Modern day Israel, Jordan, Lebanon and Syria, people referred to as the “Israelites” or “Hebrews”, later “Jews”, they speak Hebrew; Canaan is divide by Israel (north) and Judah/Judeah (south)Yahweh : name of their god, depicted as storm god (cloud, thunder, lightening, travels in sky), he defats dragon in the seaLeviathan/Rahab :
View Full Document
Unlocking...